{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134199056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740","title":"Ontology-Aware RAG for Improved Question-Answering in Cybersecurity Education","display_name":"Ontology-Aware RAG for Improved Question-Answering in Cybersecurity Education","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134199056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056021083","display_name":"Chengshuai Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5923-626X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengshuai Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128334778","display_name":"Garima Agrawal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Garima Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403598","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3105-063X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128364123","display_name":"Tharindu Kumarage","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tharindu Kumarage","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128341399","display_name":"Zhen Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034806935","display_name":"Yuli Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7715-9966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuli Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128352430","display_name":"Ying-Chih Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Chih Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128364521","display_name":"Huan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Augmented Intelligence, Arizona State University,Tempe,AZ,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.7502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97637435,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3161","last_page":"3170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.18950000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.18950000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.13189999759197235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.09830000251531601,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-security","display_name":"Information security","score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2508000135421753}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.600600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4431000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.34299999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3292999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527648132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189900","display_name":"Information security","level":2,"score":0.29100000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2508000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.24549999833106995}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata66926.2025.11401740","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G980973008","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#2335666","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013188767","https://openalex.org/W2076532645","https://openalex.org/W2252136820","https://openalex.org/W2793402936","https://openalex.org/W2912924812","https://openalex.org/W2918428907","https://openalex.org/W2942735942","https://openalex.org/W2951556120","https://openalex.org/W2953579685","https://openalex.org/W3099700870","https://openalex.org/W3156082048","https://openalex.org/W3174328218","https://openalex.org/W4205528004","https://openalex.org/W4280518408","https://openalex.org/W4360976735","https://openalex.org/W4385570777","https://openalex.org/W4385632485","https://openalex.org/W4390045618","https://openalex.org/W4392707652","https://openalex.org/W4393161287","https://openalex.org/W4400210764","https://openalex.org/W4401042753","https://openalex.org/W4404534210","https://openalex.org/W4404782880","https://openalex.org/W4404852772","https://openalex.org/W4411630045","https://openalex.org/W7133209886","https://openalex.org/W7133224126"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2026-03-09T00:00:00"}