{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391093066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938","title":"Optimized Model of Ledger Database Management to handle Vehicle Registration","display_name":"Optimized Model of Ledger Database Management to handle Vehicle Registration","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391093066","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093759809","display_name":"Neha Gaonkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neha Gaonkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038064027","display_name":"Parnia Samimi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3989-7786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Parnia Samimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068931917","display_name":"Jagdev Bhogal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1160-9140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jagdev Bhogal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Birmingham City University,School of Computing and Digital Technology,Birmingham,UK,B4 7XG","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093759810","display_name":"Luke Porter","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luke Porter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ld8a Ltd,Greater London","Ld8a Ltd, Greater London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ld8a Ltd,Greater London","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ld8a Ltd, Greater London","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083057691","display_name":"R.S. Squire","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Squire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ld8a Ltd,Greater London","Ld8a Ltd, Greater London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ld8a Ltd,Greater London","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ld8a Ltd, Greater London","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28909806,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2275","last_page":"2282"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ledger","display_name":"Ledger","score":0.7359990477561951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7333306074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.525629460811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4977462589740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-ledger","display_name":"Distributed ledger","score":0.47103363275527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3926158547401428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18502792716026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.11422821879386902}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91302708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732056","display_name":"Ledger","level":2,"score":0.7359990477561951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7333306074142456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.525629460811615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4977462589740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25110971","display_name":"Distributed ledger","level":3,"score":0.47103363275527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3926158547401428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18502792716026306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.11422821879386902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata59044.2023.10386938","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (BigData)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk:15293","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/15293/1/Nehas_paper.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/15293/1/Nehas_paper.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402654","display_name":"BCU Open Access Repository (Birmingham City University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","host_organization_name":"Birmingham City University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk:15623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/15623/7/Optimized%20Model%20of%20Ledger%20Database%20Management%20to%20handle%20Vehicle%20Registration.pdf","pdf_url":"https://www.open-access.bcu.ac.uk/15623/7/Optimized%20Model%20of%20Ledger%20Database%20Management%20to%20handle%20Vehicle%20Registration.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402654","display_name":"BCU Open Access Repository (Birmingham City University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","host_organization_name":"Birmingham City University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W566226034","https://openalex.org/W1531918044","https://openalex.org/W1969648610","https://openalex.org/W2001957134","https://openalex.org/W2065188484","https://openalex.org/W2083150957","https://openalex.org/W2169057819","https://openalex.org/W2288657397","https://openalex.org/W2332233654","https://openalex.org/W3097321623","https://openalex.org/W3173021666","https://openalex.org/W3187291586","https://openalex.org/W4235250758","https://openalex.org/W4288717441","https://openalex.org/W6631819630","https://openalex.org/W6696061933"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226088185","https://openalex.org/W2810405473","https://openalex.org/W2979776202","https://openalex.org/W2949445060","https://openalex.org/W4298013519","https://openalex.org/W2800938687","https://openalex.org/W3135632358","https://openalex.org/W3177205310","https://openalex.org/W4287703679","https://openalex.org/W3045674728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,14],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"versioning":[3,37],"of":[4,17,35,48,64,72,83,155,169,188,217,305,329,352],"business":[5,91,151,167,185,257],"data":[6,36,49,65,84,174,190,245,353],"has":[7,313],"become":[8],"increasingly":[9],"important":[10],"in":[11,87,100,118,125,227,275,287,325],"enterprise":[12,78],"solutions.":[13],"the":[15,21,33,59,81,119,126,150,162,166,170,189,249,252,256,273,276,285,299,306,318,327,330,345],"context":[16],"big":[18],"data,":[19,218],"where":[20,183],"5Vs":[22],"(Volume,":[23],"Velocity,":[24],"Variety,":[25],"Value,":[26],"and":[27,54,62,90,107,121,199,224,230,235,293,355],"Veracity)":[28],"play":[29],"a":[30,101,112,115,156,184,196,208,267,338],"pivotal":[31],"role,":[32],"management":[34,82,246],"gains":[38],"even":[39],"greater":[40],"significance.":[41],"As":[42],"enterprises":[43],"grapple":[44],"with":[45,114,266,298],"massive":[46],"volumes":[47],"generated":[50],"at":[51,132],"varying":[52],"velocities":[53],"exhibiting":[55],"diverse":[56],"formats,":[57],"ensuring":[58],"accuracy,":[60],"completeness,":[61],"consistency":[63],"throughout":[66],"its":[67,136],"lifecycle":[68],"becomes":[69],"paramount.":[70],"System":[71],"record":[73],"solutions,":[74,79],"which":[75,160,219],"cover":[76],"most":[77],"require":[80,130],"life":[85,152],"history":[86,153],"both":[88],"system":[89],"time.":[92,309],"This":[93,238,335],"means":[94],"that":[95,103,128,247,271,289,340],"information":[96],"must":[97],"be":[98],"stored":[99],"way":[102],"covers":[104],"past,":[105],"present,":[106],"future":[108,127],"states,":[109],"such":[110],"as":[111,193],"contract":[113,157],"start":[116],"date":[117,124],"past":[120],"an":[122,241],"end":[123],"may":[129],"correction":[131],"any":[133],"point":[134,286],"during":[135],"lifetime.":[137],"While":[138],"some":[139],"systems":[140],"offer":[141],"transaction":[142],"time":[143,186,288],"rollback":[144],"features,":[145],"they":[146],"do":[147],"not":[148,200],"address":[149,317],"dimension":[154,187],"or":[158],"asset,":[159],"requires":[161],"developer":[163,250,274],"to":[164,178,243,254,283,316],"code":[165,255],"rules":[168,258],"requirements.":[171],"The":[172,261,310],"relational":[173,181,244,303],"model":[175],"is":[176,191,195,207],"unable":[177],"inherently":[179],"use":[180],"constraints":[182],"required,":[192],"it":[194],"\u201ccurrent":[197,277],"view\u201d":[198,278],"designed":[201],"for":[202,210,214,259,358],"this":[203],"purpose.":[204],"Therefore,":[205],"there":[206],"need":[209,253],"better":[211],"autonomous":[212],"capabilities":[213,328],"version":[215,350],"control":[216,351],"will":[220],"bring":[221],"new":[222],"functionality":[223],"cost":[225],"reduction":[226],"application":[228],"development":[229],"maintenance,":[231],"reduce":[232],"coding":[233],"complexity,":[234],"increase":[236],"productivity.":[237],"paper":[239],"presents":[240],"approach":[242,336],"relieves":[248],"from":[251],"versioning.":[260],"framework,":[262],"called":[263],"Ld8a,":[264],"works":[265],"standard":[268],"Oracle":[269],"database":[270],"keeps":[272],"paradigm":[279],"but":[280],"allows":[281],"them":[282],"specify":[284],"logical":[290],"insert,":[291],"update,":[292],"delete":[294],"events":[295],"take":[296],"place":[297],"infrastructure":[300,346],"autonomously":[301],"maintaining":[302],"correctness":[304],"dataset":[307],"across":[308,347],"Ld8a":[311],"framework":[312],"been":[314],"used":[315,322],"vehicle":[319],"registration":[320],"scenario":[321],"by":[323,344],"AWS":[324],"presenting":[326],"Quantum":[331],"Ledger":[332],"Database":[333],"product.":[334],"offers":[337],"solution":[339],"maintains":[341],"referential":[342],"integrity":[343],"time,":[348],"making":[349],"easier":[354],"more":[356],"efficient":[357],"developers.":[359]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}