{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3008415104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","title":"Defense-PointNet: Protecting PointNet Against Adversarial Attacks","display_name":"Defense-PointNet: Protecting PointNet Against Adversarial Attacks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3008415104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","mag":"3008415104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100433544","display_name":"Yu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3952-670X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070521525","display_name":"Gongbo Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6700-6664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gongbo Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016115865","display_name":"Tawfiq Salem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6232-0542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83328450","display_name":"Miami University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nbqxr67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tawfiq Salem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029557305","display_name":"Nathan Jacobs","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4242-8967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143302722","display_name":"University of Kentucky","ror":"https://ror.org/02k3smh20","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Jacobs","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143302722"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88160695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"5654","last_page":"5660"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9513999819755554,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.944100022315979,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.9455661773681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7647179961204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7013815641403198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6359946131706238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.5691970586776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5409544110298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.4593318998813629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.338082492351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2217322587966919}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.9455661773681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7647179961204529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7013815641403198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6359946131706238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.5691970586776733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5409544110298157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4593318998813629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.338082492351532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2217322587966919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata47090.2019.9006307","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1673923490","https://openalex.org/W1731081199","https://openalex.org/W1875842236","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1945616565","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2116516955","https://openalex.org/W2141125852","https://openalex.org/W2149489931","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2243397390","https://openalex.org/W2560609797","https://openalex.org/W2606833507","https://openalex.org/W2765424254","https://openalex.org/W2774644650","https://openalex.org/W2783726038","https://openalex.org/W2899771611","https://openalex.org/W2948132731","https://openalex.org/W2955425717","https://openalex.org/W2962818872","https://openalex.org/W2963121255","https://openalex.org/W2963207607","https://openalex.org/W2963542245","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964153729","https://openalex.org/W2964197269","https://openalex.org/W2964253222","https://openalex.org/W2979750740","https://openalex.org/W3012573144","https://openalex.org/W3103557498","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4394671432","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6637618735","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6687484953","https://openalex.org/W6719080892","https://openalex.org/W6739778489","https://openalex.org/W6739868092","https://openalex.org/W6747384008","https://openalex.org/W6748204703","https://openalex.org/W6753494528","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6763422710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315780078","https://openalex.org/W4225161019","https://openalex.org/W4312326921","https://openalex.org/W3094843325","https://openalex.org/W3081118561","https://openalex.org/W4221146314","https://openalex.org/W2889986026","https://openalex.org/W4385573583","https://openalex.org/W4311734044","https://openalex.org/W4379258830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"remarkable":[1],"performance":[2],"across":[3],"a":[4],"broad":[5],"range":[6],"of":[7,49,54,99,123],"tasks,":[8],"neural":[9],"networks":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"shown":[13],"to":[14,17,44,84,101],"be":[15,82],"vulnerable":[16],"adversarial":[18,24,47,88,92,102,127],"attacks.":[19],"Many":[20],"works":[21],"focus":[22,33],"on":[23,28,34,73],"attacks":[25],"and":[26,77,115],"defenses":[27],"2D":[29],"images,":[30],"but":[31,90],"few":[32],"3D":[35,61,74],"point":[36,62,75,93],"clouds.":[37,63,94],"In":[38],"this":[39],"paper,":[40],"our":[41,109],"goal":[42],"is":[43,52],"enhance":[45],"the":[46,55,66,97,121,124],"robustness":[48,122],"PointNet,":[50],"which":[51],"one":[53],"most":[56],"widely":[57],"used":[58,83],"models":[59],"for":[60],"We":[64,107],"apply":[65],"fast":[67],"gradient":[68],"sign":[69],"attack":[70],"method":[71],"(FGSM)":[72],"clouds":[76],"find":[78],"that":[79,117],"FGSM":[80],"can":[81],"generate":[85],"not":[86],"only":[87],"images":[89],"also":[91],"To":[95],"minimize":[96],"vulnerability":[98],"PointNet":[100],"attacks,":[103],"we":[104],"propose":[105],"Defense-PointNet.":[106],"compare":[108],"model":[110],"with":[111],"two":[112],"baseline":[113],"approaches":[114],"show":[116],"Defense-PointNet":[118],"significantly":[119],"improves":[120],"network":[125],"against":[126],"samples.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
