{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2912599798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","title":"Smart Contracts: Legal Considerations","display_name":"Smart Contracts: Legal Considerations","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2912599798","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","mag":"2912599798"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052655060","display_name":"Jack Gilcrest","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83328450","display_name":"Miami University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nbqxr67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jack Gilcrest","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Engineering and Computing, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Engineering and Computing, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004494280","display_name":"Arthur Carvalho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5381-3588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83328450","display_name":"Miami University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nbqxr67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arthur Carvalho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052655060"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8903,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96593027,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3277","last_page":"3281"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11995","display_name":"FinTech, Crowdfunding, Digital Finance","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12392","display_name":"Sharing Economy and Platforms","score":0.9429000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immutability","display_name":"Immutability","score":0.7625128030776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-contract","display_name":"Smart contract","score":0.6569613814353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"Confidentiality","score":0.5655832290649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5565720796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5385246276855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5160305500030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.4765377938747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.44929543137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/law-and-economics","display_name":"Law and economics","score":0.3600059747695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.15035966038703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.11585134267807007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776126399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3942906","display_name":"Immutability","level":3,"score":0.7625128030776978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779950589","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7544035","display_name":"Smart contract","level":3,"score":0.6569613814353943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.5655832290649414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5565720796585083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5385246276855469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5160305500030518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4765377938747406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.44929543137550354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3600059747695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15035966038703918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.11585134267807007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2018.8622584","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6200000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W893234787","https://openalex.org/W2011112377","https://openalex.org/W2013686672","https://openalex.org/W2043007983","https://openalex.org/W2907406729","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4248175462","https://openalex.org/W6757688526"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W3051233722","https://openalex.org/W2897350943","https://openalex.org/W4376959008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"this":[1,119],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,21,65,121,170],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,27,33,89,99,109,123,138,142,148,173,187],"value":[6],"of":[7,26,29,35,47,57,91,98,113,141,175,189],"smart":[8,49,75,114,131,167,190],"contracts":[9,76,115,132],"and":[10,37,54,77,116],"blockchains":[11,36],"as":[12,106,130,145,147],"an":[13],"alternative":[14],"to":[15,73,107,136,166,186],"traditional":[16],"contractual":[17],"obligations.":[18],"particular,":[20],"start":[22],"by":[23,151],"exploring":[24],"some":[25,97],"advantages":[28],"these":[30,61,92,103],"technologies,":[31],"specifically":[32],"immutability":[34],"automated":[38],"contract":[39,168,176],"remittance.":[40],"We":[41,94],"also":[42],"discuss":[43,171],"two":[44],"critical":[45],"shortcomings":[46],"decentralized":[48],"contracts,":[50],"namely":[51],"regulatory":[52,164],"uncertainty":[53],"a":[55,85,155,182],"lack":[56],"confidential":[58],"execution.":[59],"With":[60],"issues":[62],"in":[63,102,181],"mind,":[64],"next":[66,124],"explore":[67],"how":[68,172],"American":[69],"legislators":[70],"have":[71,83],"begun":[72],"address":[74],"blockchains.":[78,117],"Though":[79],"quite":[80],"limited,":[81],"there":[82,159],"been":[84],"few":[86],"provisions":[87],"clarifying":[88],"status":[90,112],"technologies.":[93],"break":[95],"down":[96],"language":[100],"expressed":[101],"bills":[104],"so":[105],"understand":[108],"current":[110],"legal":[111],"Given":[118],"foundation,":[120],"consider":[122],"steps":[125],"that":[126],"should":[127],"be":[128,179],"taken":[129,150],"mature.":[133],"This":[134],"pertains":[135],"both":[137],"continued":[139],"improvement":[140],"underlying":[143],"technology":[144],"well":[146],"progress":[149],"regulators.":[152],"Finally,":[153],"assuming":[154],"futuristic":[156],"scenario":[157],"where":[158],"are":[160],"no":[161],"technological":[162],"or":[163],"barriers":[165],"adoption,":[169],"process":[174],"remittance":[177],"can":[178],"expedited":[180],"world":[183],"fully":[184],"committed":[185],"use":[188],"contracts.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}