{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2204959979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","title":"Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO) clustering for learning analytics","display_name":"Parallel Particle Swarm Optimization (PPSO) clustering for learning analytics","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2204959979","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","mag":"2204959979"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110710952","display_name":"Kannan Govindarajan","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kannan Govindarajan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059510916","display_name":"David Boulanger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6194-2876"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Boulanger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042046313","display_name":"Vive Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3394-7789"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivekanandan Suresh Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004362992","display_name":"Kinshuk Kinshuk","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kinshuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athabasca University, Athabasca, AB, CA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110710952"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.0112,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89743872,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1461","last_page":"1465"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.944599986076355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-analytics","display_name":"Learning analytics","score":0.7678972482681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.7368502020835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7179299592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/categorical-variable","display_name":"Categorical variable","score":0.6401142477989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.6392556428909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"Data analysis","score":0.49750593304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.48877498507499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.47788703441619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.46152085065841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competence","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","score":0.44798120856285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40670135617256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3739372193813324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.29599684476852417}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2845208","display_name":"Learning analytics","level":2,"score":0.7678972482681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.7368502020835876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7179299592971802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5274069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2285707","display_name":"Categorical variable","level":2,"score":0.6401142477989197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.6392556428909302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.49750593304634094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.48877498507499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.47788703441619873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.46152085065841675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100521375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2015382","display_name":"Competence (human resources)","level":2,"score":0.44798120856285095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40670135617256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3739372193813324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.29599684476852417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bigdata.2015.7363907","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973757115","https://openalex.org/W2011380727","https://openalex.org/W2093321482","https://openalex.org/W2100780494","https://openalex.org/W2102105686","https://openalex.org/W2105733314","https://openalex.org/W2116762767","https://openalex.org/W2131892368","https://openalex.org/W2152513835","https://openalex.org/W2154950655","https://openalex.org/W2155235751","https://openalex.org/W2302914195","https://openalex.org/W2505238760","https://openalex.org/W6674829008","https://openalex.org/W6682845779","https://openalex.org/W6697788245","https://openalex.org/W6724646090"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987827786","https://openalex.org/W2799586942","https://openalex.org/W2504091800","https://openalex.org/W2331775400","https://openalex.org/W2816728186","https://openalex.org/W2804624249","https://openalex.org/W2560130217","https://openalex.org/W605203981","https://openalex.org/W2911048623","https://openalex.org/W4292348877"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Analytics":[0,12],"is":[1,171,177],"all":[2],"about":[3],"insights.":[4,92,208],"Learning-oriented":[5],"insights":[6],"are":[7,135],"the":[8,22,28,33,66,74,97,114,161,167,173,183,196,199],"targets":[9],"for":[10,52,160],"Learning":[11],"researchers.":[13],"Insights":[14],"could":[15,61,80,94,112],"be":[16,62,188],"detected,":[17],"analysed,":[18],"or":[19,131],"created":[20],"in":[21,72,139],"context":[23],"of":[24,30,68,85,91,116,163,169,175,185,198],"variables":[25],"such":[26],"as":[27,101],"quality":[29],"interactions":[31],"with":[32,129],"content,":[34],"study":[35],"habits,":[36],"engagement,":[37],"competence":[38],"growth,":[39],"sentiments,":[40],"learning":[41,76,141,164],"efficiency,":[42],"and":[43,121,134,180,182,205],"instructional":[44],"effectiveness.":[45],"Clustering":[46],"techniques":[47,126],"offer":[48],"an":[49],"effective":[50],"solution":[51],"grouping":[53],"learners":[54,60,106],"using":[55],"observed":[56],"patterns.":[57],"For":[58],"instance,":[59],"clustered":[63],"based":[64],"on":[65],"effectiveness":[67,115],"learners'":[69],"self-regulation":[70],"initiatives":[71],"reaching":[73],"target":[75,88],"outcomes.":[77],"Each":[78],"learner":[79],"belong":[81],"to":[82,104,151,202],"a":[83,102,153],"number":[84],"clusters":[86,100],"that":[87],"different":[89],"types":[90,174],"One":[93],"also":[95,194],"analyse":[96,113],"distance":[98],"between":[99],"means":[103],"guide":[105],"towards":[107],"better":[108],"performance.":[109],"Further,":[110],"one":[111],"cohesive":[117],"peer":[118],"groups":[119],"within":[120],"among":[122],"clusters.":[123],"Traditional":[124],"clustering":[125],"only":[127],"cope":[128],"numerical":[130],"categorical":[132],"data":[133,170,176,186],"not":[136],"readily":[137],"applicable":[138],"offering":[140],"analytics":[142],"solutions.":[143],"In":[144],"addressing":[145],"this":[146,148],"gap,":[147],"research":[149,192],"aims":[150],"design":[152],"Parallel":[154],"Particle":[155],"Swarm":[156],"Optimization":[157],"(PPSO)":[158],"algorithm":[159,201],"purposes":[162],"analytics,":[165],"where":[166],"arrival":[168],"continuous,":[172],"both":[178],"structured":[179],"unstructured,":[181],"volume":[184],"can":[187],"significantly":[189],"large.":[190],"The":[191],"will":[193],"describe":[195],"application":[197],"PPSO":[200],"detect,":[203],"analyse,":[204],"generate":[206],"learning-oriented":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
