{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7126063024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446","title":"RetinaGuard: Obfuscating Retinal Age in Fundus Images for Biometric Privacy Preserving","display_name":"RetinaGuard: Obfuscating Retinal Age in Fundus Images for Biometric Privacy Preserving","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7126063024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051440801","display_name":"Zhengquan Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6348-3973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhengquan Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005281291","display_name":"Chi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-4615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120652688","display_name":"Dongfu Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1531-4232"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongfu Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619284","display_name":"Zhen Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5210-2672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56590836","display_name":"Monash University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bfwt286","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Monash University,Faculty of Information Technology,Melbourne,Victoria,Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Monash University,Faculty of Information Technology,Melbourne,Victoria,Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56590836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106545678","display_name":"Yueye Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5169-5857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueye Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Kowloon,Hong Kong,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Kowloon,Hong Kong,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124260678","display_name":"Tianqing Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I6469544","display_name":"City University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/04gpd4q15","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianqing Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University of Macau,Faculty of Data Science,Macao,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5051440801"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I6469544"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71107164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2629","last_page":"2636"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9495999813079834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9495999813079834,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.0024999999441206455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.7092000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biometrics","display_name":"Biometrics","score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/masking","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","score":0.5343000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.44359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-degeneration","display_name":"Macular degeneration","score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.32850000262260437}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.7092000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.663100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5753999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6783436","display_name":"Masking (illustration)","level":2,"score":0.5343000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.44359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.43810001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.39629998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.32519999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.2842999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.2547000050544739}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm66473.2025.11356446","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.5840747952461243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7364221975","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62402009","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2599190942","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2774320778","https://openalex.org/W2895486342","https://openalex.org/W2980305895","https://openalex.org/W3160022184","https://openalex.org/W3202476286","https://openalex.org/W4205094332","https://openalex.org/W4283016888","https://openalex.org/W4283828743","https://openalex.org/W4285729166","https://openalex.org/W4291002614","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4296029905","https://openalex.org/W4296777394","https://openalex.org/W4312140771","https://openalex.org/W4385951167","https://openalex.org/W4386697749","https://openalex.org/W4387211589","https://openalex.org/W4387435298","https://openalex.org/W4399325642","https://openalex.org/W4400126525","https://openalex.org/W4400948235","https://openalex.org/W4402626875","https://openalex.org/W4403908451"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,114],"integration":[1],"of":[2,10,33,60,79],"AI":[3],"with":[4,83,154],"medical":[5,84,172],"images":[6,62,85],"enables":[7],"the":[8,45],"extraction":[9],"implicit":[11],"image-derived":[12,173],"biomarkers":[13],"for":[14,168],"a":[15,22,30,75,89,95,118,125,136],"precise":[16],"health":[17],"assessment.":[18],"Recently,":[19],"retinal":[20,103,126,151],"age,":[21],"biomarker":[23],"predicted":[24],"from":[25],"fundus":[26,61],"images,":[27],"has":[28],"become":[29],"proven":[31],"predictor":[32],"systemic":[34],"disease":[35,111],"risks,":[36,56],"behavioral":[37],"patterns,":[38],"aging":[39],"trajectory":[40],"and":[41,86,110,129,160],"even":[42],"mortality.":[43],"However,":[44],"capability":[46],"to":[47,65,101,134,170],"infer":[48],"such":[49],"sensitive":[50],"biometric":[51,80],"data":[52],"raises":[53],"significant":[54],"privacy":[55,81],"where":[57],"unauthorized":[58],"use":[59],"could":[63],"lead":[64],"bioinformation":[66],"leakage,":[67],"breaching":[68],"individual":[69],"privacy.":[70],"In":[71],"response,":[72],"we":[73],"formulate":[74],"new":[76],"research":[77],"problem":[78],"associated":[82],"propose":[87],"RetinaGuard,":[88],"novel":[90,119],"privacy-enhancing":[91],"framework":[92,115],"that":[93,147],"employs":[94],"feature-level":[96],"generative":[97],"adversarial":[98],"masking":[99],"mechanism":[100],"obscure":[102],"age":[104,132,141,152],"while":[105],"preserving":[106],"image":[107,158],"visual":[108],"quality":[109,159],"diagnostic":[112],"utility.":[113],"further":[116],"utilizes":[117],"multiple-to-one":[120],"knowledge":[121],"distillation":[122],"strategy":[123],"incorporating":[124],"foundation":[127],"model":[128],"diverse":[130],"surrogate":[131],"encoders":[133],"enable":[135],"universal":[137],"defense":[138],"against":[139],"black-box":[140],"prediction":[142,153],"models.":[143],"Comprehensive":[144],"evaluations":[145],"confirm":[146],"RetinaGuard":[148,164],"successfully":[149],"obfuscates":[150],"minimal":[155],"impact":[156],"on":[157],"pathological":[161],"feature":[162],"representation.":[163],"is":[165],"also":[166],"flexible":[167],"extension":[169],"other":[171],"biomarkers.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2026-01-30T00:00:00"}
