{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390992143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901","title":"Box2Pseudo: A Semi-Supervised Learning Framework for Pulmonary Nodule Segmentation with Box-Prompt Pseudo Supervision","display_name":"Box2Pseudo: A Semi-Supervised Learning Framework for Pulmonary Nodule Segmentation with Box-Prompt Pseudo Supervision","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390992143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084676199","display_name":"Siqi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5541-6917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021250","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qtv5q45","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siqi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114119591","display_name":"Jingkun Yue","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021250","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qtv5q45","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingkun Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019373631","display_name":"Chengdi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5284-2889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengdi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["West China Hospital, Sichuan University,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Chengdu,China","Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West China Hospital, Sichuan University,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine,Chengdu,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115593366","display_name":"Xiaohong Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147892","display_name":"CRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence","ror":"https://ror.org/04nm2mq63","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210147892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaohong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London,UCL Cancer Institute,London,United Kingdom","UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London,UCL Cancer Institute,London,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147892","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147892","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100458577","display_name":"Guangyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1312-884X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4392021250","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00qtv5q45","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I4392021250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1696","last_page":"1703"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7050793170928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6551811099052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nodule","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","score":0.6352188587188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5382629632949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.4271024465560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06798633933067322}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7050793170928955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6551811099052429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776731575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2916245","display_name":"Nodule (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6352188587188721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5382629632949829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.4271024465560913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06798633933067322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1986649315","https://openalex.org/W2124351162","https://openalex.org/W2221898772","https://openalex.org/W2552414813","https://openalex.org/W2728648333","https://openalex.org/W2769848455","https://openalex.org/W3035600434","https://openalex.org/W3054666633","https://openalex.org/W3082755608","https://openalex.org/W3103199493","https://openalex.org/W3104368407","https://openalex.org/W3170128766","https://openalex.org/W3171581326","https://openalex.org/W3175515048","https://openalex.org/W4220872263","https://openalex.org/W4221030861","https://openalex.org/W4286895588","https://openalex.org/W4296119467","https://openalex.org/W6683607639"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"pulmonary":[1,58,74],"nodule":[2,59],"segmentation":[3,60,75],"is":[4],"critical":[5],"for":[6,57,73],"early":[7],"diagnosis":[8],"of":[9,19,51,82,95,107,128,170,197,216],"lung":[10],"cancer.":[11],"Yet,":[12],"the":[13,48,111,115,120,155,162,168,192,195,202,208,214,217],"high":[14],"cost":[15],"and":[16,38,53,88,91,119,146,188,199,212,226,236],"labor-intensive":[17],"nature":[18],"pixel-wise":[20],"manual":[21],"annotations":[22],"remains":[23],"challenging.":[24],"In":[25,63],"real-world":[26],"clinical":[27],"practice,":[28],"weakly":[29,54,96,203],"annotated":[30,45,55],"labels":[31,101,165],"like":[32],"bounding":[33,133,175],"boxes":[34],"are":[35],"more":[36],"affordable":[37],"they":[39],"always":[40],"coexist":[41],"with":[42,144],"fully":[43,52,83],"pixel-level":[44,87],"labels.":[46,152],"However,":[47],"simultaneous":[49],"use":[50,127],"data":[56,85,98],"presents":[61],"complexities.":[62],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"we":[66,135,178],"propose":[67,136,179],"Box2Pseudo,":[68],"a":[69,79,92],"principled":[70],"semi-supervised":[71],"framework":[72],"that":[76,231],"only":[77],"uses":[78],"small":[80],"set":[81,94],"labeled":[84,97,204],"(having":[86,99],"box":[89,100],"labels)":[90],"large":[93],"only).":[102],"Specifically,":[103],"our":[104],"Box2Pseudo":[105,232],"consists":[106],"three":[108],"networks,":[109],"including":[110],"box-prompt":[112,180],"network":[113,117,122],"(BPN),":[114],"pseudo-refine":[116],"(PRN)":[118],"main":[121],"(MAN).":[123],"To":[124],"make":[125],"full":[126],"localization":[129],"priors":[130],"provided":[131],"by":[132,160],"boxes,":[134],"background-filter":[137],"layer":[138],"(BFL),":[139],"which":[140,190],"can":[141,166],"be":[142],"combined":[143],"BPN":[145],"PRN":[147,187,200],"to":[148,183,240],"generate":[149],"high-quality":[150],"pseudo":[151,164,181],"By":[153],"using":[154],"gated":[156],"feature":[157],"map":[158],"generated":[159],"BFL,":[161],"predicted":[163],"enhance":[167],"attention":[169],"target":[171],"features":[172],"within":[173],"each":[174],"box.":[176],"Furthermore,":[177],"supervision":[182],"simultaneously":[184],"train":[185],"BPN,":[186],"MAN,":[189],"enforces":[191],"consistency":[193],"between":[194],"prediction":[196],"MAN":[198],"on":[201,222],"data,":[205],"thus":[206],"ensuring":[207],"MAN\u2019s":[209],"stable":[210],"optimization":[211],"maximizing":[213],"utility":[215],"weak":[218],"annotations.":[219],"Comprehensive":[220],"evaluations":[221],"both":[223],"open-source":[224],"(LIDC-IDRI)":[225],"in-house":[227],"(HX-NODULE)":[228],"datasets":[229],"demonstrate":[230],"outperforms":[233],"state-of-the-art":[234],"methods":[235],"achieves":[237],"comparable":[238],"performance":[239],"fully-supervised":[241],"approach.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}