{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390970040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672","title":"Electronic Near Point of Convergence: A Tool to Aid the Assessment of Concussion","display_name":"Electronic Near Point of Convergence: A Tool to Aid the Assessment of Concussion","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390970040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102861208","display_name":"Bo Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3184-9266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162762","display_name":"BrainScope (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq78k50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068413136","display_name":"Leslie S. Prichep","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162762","display_name":"BrainScope (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq78k50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leslie S. Prichep","raw_affiliation_strings":["BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086860304","display_name":"Saloni Kanakia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162762","display_name":"BrainScope (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq78k50","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saloni Kanakia","raw_affiliation_strings":["BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BrainScope Company Inc.,R&D Department,Chevy Chase,MD,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059401509","display_name":"Jeffrey J. Bazarian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7100-3805"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5388228","display_name":"University of Rochester","ror":"https://ror.org/022kthw22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey J. Bazarian","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Rochester School of Medicine,Department of Emergency Medicine,Rochester,NY,USA","Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Rochester School of Medicine,Department of Emergency Medicine,Rochester,NY,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5388228"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049949848","display_name":"Tracey Covassin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-0185"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tracey Covassin","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University,Department of Kinesiology Michigan,East Lansing,MI,USA","Department of Kinesiology Michigan, State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University,Department of Kinesiology Michigan,East Lansing,MI,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Kinesiology Michigan, State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111744753","display_name":"Robert J. Elbin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78715868","display_name":"University of Arkansas at Fayetteville","ror":"https://ror.org/05jbt9m15","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Elbin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arkansas,Office Sports Concussion Research,Fayetteville,AR,USA","Office Sports Concussion Research, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arkansas,Office Sports Concussion Research,Fayetteville,AR,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office Sports Concussion Research, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78715868"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047326625","display_name":"Gillian Hotz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-4769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101935","display_name":"University of Miami Health System","ror":"https://ror.org/00zw9nc64","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581","https://openalex.org/I4210101935"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145608581","display_name":"University of Miami","ror":"https://ror.org/02dgjyy92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145608581"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gillian A. Hotz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Miami,UHealth Concussion Program,Miami,FL,USA","UHealth Concussion Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Miami,UHealth Concussion Program,Miami,FL,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101935"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UHealth Concussion Program, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145608581","https://openalex.org/I4210101935"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011675328","display_name":"Jeb F. Struder","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8854-6029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135134","display_name":"Brotman Baty Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03jxvbk42","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135134"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeb F. Struder","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Connecticut,Korey Stringer Institute,CT,USA","Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, CT, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Connecticut,Korey Stringer Institute,CT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korey Stringer Institute, University of Connecticut, CT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135134","https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041627450","display_name":"Rub\u00e9n Arma\u00f1anzas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-0000"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88155538","display_name":"Universidad de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/02rxc7m23","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rub\u00e9n Arma\u00f1anzas","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Navarra,Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence TECNUN School of Engineering,Pamplona,Spain","Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence TECNUN School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Navarra,Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence TECNUN School of Engineering,Pamplona,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence TECNUN School of Engineering, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88155538"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102861208"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162762"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34826325,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4086","last_page":"4092"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10416","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10706","display_name":"Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10645","display_name":"Cardiac Arrest and Resuscitation","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concussion","display_name":"Concussion","score":0.7640237808227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cutoff","display_name":"Cutoff","score":0.567093014717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidence-interval","display_name":"Confidence interval","score":0.5521381497383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5394298434257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohort","display_name":"Cohort","score":0.5069392323493958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traumatic-brain-injury","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","score":0.4902539551258087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4874739646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-therapy","display_name":"Physical therapy","score":0.47444117069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-regression","display_name":"Linear regression","score":0.4112775921821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poison-control","display_name":"Poison control","score":0.3679119050502777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.35744771361351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.35045480728149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3134234547615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.27370214462280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injury-prevention","display_name":"Injury prevention","score":0.24992534518241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.10473179817199707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q326921","display_name":"Concussion","level":4,"score":0.7640237808227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778217198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556977","display_name":"Cutoff","level":2,"score":0.567093014717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5521381497383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5394298434257507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5069392323493958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781017439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995526","display_name":"Traumatic brain injury","level":2,"score":0.4902539551258087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4874739646911621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.47444117069244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48921125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10861030","display_name":"Linear regression","level":2,"score":0.4112775921821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3679119050502777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.35744771361351013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.35045480728149414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3134234547615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.27370214462280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.24992534518241882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.10473179817199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bibm58861.2023.10385672","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329682","display_name":"Gobierno de Navarra","ror":"https://ror.org/025qq4838"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332447","display_name":"U.S. Army","ror":"https://ror.org/00afsp483"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969012837","https://openalex.org/W1973429805","https://openalex.org/W2050396439","https://openalex.org/W2096373437","https://openalex.org/W2169380683","https://openalex.org/W2181487757","https://openalex.org/W2265013197","https://openalex.org/W2357404809","https://openalex.org/W2466530163","https://openalex.org/W2524017030","https://openalex.org/W2578499132","https://openalex.org/W2791293286","https://openalex.org/W2972620725","https://openalex.org/W3037907777","https://openalex.org/W3127556012","https://openalex.org/W3157369572","https://openalex.org/W4213385632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2580345678","https://openalex.org/W2903314763","https://openalex.org/W3005816148","https://openalex.org/W2619542048","https://openalex.org/W3010684472","https://openalex.org/W2802003883","https://openalex.org/W1982598012","https://openalex.org/W2491379701","https://openalex.org/W2902422253","https://openalex.org/W2025288955"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Near":[0,30],"Point":[1,31],"of":[2,28,51,85,99,168,173,185,197,205,218,234,240],"Convergence":[3,32],"(NPC)":[4],"is":[5],"a":[6,83,128,140,166,171,183],"widely":[7],"used":[8],"test":[9,33,179],"when":[10],"assessing":[11],"oculomotor":[12,241],"dysfunction":[13],"in":[14,127,158,237],"patients":[15,101,138,211],"with":[16,165,182],"mild":[17],"Traumatic":[18],"Brain":[19],"Injury":[20],"(mTBI)":[21],"or":[22],"concussion.":[23],"A":[24],"new":[25],"electronic":[26],"version":[27],"the":[29,43,47,159,177,198,203,216,219,235,238],"(eNPC)":[34],"was":[35,156,180],"developed":[36],"to":[37,45,75,104,116,124,163],"automatically":[38],"measure":[39],"NPC":[40,52],"distance,":[41],"addressing":[42],"need":[44],"improve":[46],"administration":[48],"and":[49,62,71,107,121,136,170,190,200,212],"precision":[50],"testing.":[53],"Age-adjusted":[54],"normative":[55],"values":[56,79,94,120,226],"were":[57,80,111],"achieved":[58],"by":[59],"using":[60,227],"goodness-of-fit":[61],"generalized":[63],"linear":[64],"regression":[65],"models.":[66],"Target":[67],"subjects":[68],"included":[69],"males":[70],"females":[72],"aged":[73],"13":[74],"50":[76],"years.":[77],"Normative":[78],"computed":[81],"as":[82],"function":[84],"age":[86],"for":[87,144,154,176,202],"records":[88],"from":[89,95],"230":[90],"healthy":[91],"volunteers.":[92],"eNPC":[93,119,145,178,220,236],"an":[96],"independent":[97],"cohort":[98],"237":[100],"clinically":[102],"deemed":[103],"have":[105],"concussion":[106],"245":[108],"matched":[109,134,213],"controls":[110,135,214],"transformed":[112],"into":[113],"z-scores":[114,146,155,193,228],"relative":[115],"age-expected":[117],"normal":[118],"then":[122],"compared":[123],"demonstrate":[125],"performance":[126],"clinical":[129,232],"population.":[130],"Mean":[131],"differences":[132],"between":[133,147,188,209],"concussed":[137,210],"showed":[139],"highly":[141],"significant":[142],"difference":[143],"groups.":[148],"The":[149],"maximum":[150],"Odds-Ratio":[151],"(OR)":[152],"value":[153],"reached":[157],"cutoff":[160],"interval":[161],"0.75":[162],"1":[164],"mean":[167],"2.614":[169],"median":[172],"2.627.":[174],"Usability":[175],"high":[181,224],"rate":[184],"obtaining":[186],"measurements":[187],"92%":[189],"98%.":[191],"Using":[192],"helped":[194],"reduce":[195],"variance":[196],"measurement":[199],"accounted":[201],"effect":[204],"age.":[206],"Significant":[207],"separation":[208],"validated":[215],"use":[217],"mathematical":[221],"model.":[222],"Further,":[223],"OR":[225],"demonstrated":[229],"potential":[230],"improved":[231],"utility":[233],"prediction":[239],"dysfunction.":[242]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}