{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4313525345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","title":"A substring replacement approach for identifying missing IS-A relations in SNOMED CT","display_name":"A substring replacement approach for identifying missing IS-A relations in SNOMED CT","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4313525345","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36776766"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607730","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9918377","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018015940","display_name":"Xubing Hao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2207-4097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xubing Hao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,School of Biomedical Informatics,Houston,Texas,USA","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,School of Biomedical Informatics,Houston,Texas,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083171882","display_name":"Rashmie Abeysinghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9297-9540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashmie Abeysinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,Department of Neurology,Houston,Texas,USA","Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,Department of Neurology,Houston,Texas,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012334168","display_name":"Jay Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164538","display_name":"St. Vincent's HealthCare","ror":"https://ror.org/05kre7h31","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164538"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["SCL Health Medical Group,Denver,Colorado,USA","SCL Health Medical Group, Denver, Colorado, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCL Health Medical Group,Denver,Colorado,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164538"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SCL Health Medical Group, Denver, Colorado, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164538"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049834185","display_name":"Licong Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-8780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Licong Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,School of Biomedical Informatics,Houston,Texas,USA","School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston,School of Biomedical Informatics,Houston,Texas,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018015940"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2007,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89378442,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2022","issue":null,"first_page":"2611","last_page":"2618"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snomed-ct","display_name":"SNOMED CT","score":0.9480998516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-medical-language-system","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","score":0.838663637638092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7469208836555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substring","display_name":"Substring","score":0.7179637551307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-biomedical-ontologies","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","score":0.5511056780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5167204737663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.508808434009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5008161067962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.47150033712387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controlled-vocabulary","display_name":"Controlled vocabulary","score":0.45939940214157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44997909665107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain-knowledge","display_name":"Domain knowledge","score":0.2683785557746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terminology","display_name":"Terminology","score":0.15041863918304443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-structure","display_name":"Data structure","score":0.14677643775939941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology-alignment","display_name":"Ontology alignment","score":0.12437993288040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11293184757232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.08720117807388306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206497026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753883","display_name":"SNOMED CT","level":3,"score":0.9480998516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69505689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q455338","display_name":"Unified Medical Language System","level":2,"score":0.838663637638092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7469208836555481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182407805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2626534","display_name":"Substring","level":3,"score":0.7179637551307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137982476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7072326","display_name":"Open Biomedical Ontologies","level":5,"score":0.5511056780815125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5167204737663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.508808434009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5008161067962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.47150033712387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110615152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469824","display_name":"Controlled vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.45939940214157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44997909665107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.2683785557746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.15041863918304443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.14677643775939941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98893333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4339878","display_name":"Ontology alignment","level":4,"score":0.12437993288040161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11293184757232666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.08720117807388306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22550185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7095047","display_name":"Ontology-based data integration","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm55620.2022.9995595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607730","display_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:36776766","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36776766","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu:uthmed_docs-2372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/uthmed_docs/1395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196655","display_name":"Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1337852284","host_organization_name":"Texas Medical Center","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337852284"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty, Staff and Student Publications","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9918377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9918377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings (IEEE Int Conf Bioinformatics Biomed)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:9918377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/9918377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings (IEEE Int Conf Bioinformatics Biomed)","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.75}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481389199","https://openalex.org/W2078161054","https://openalex.org/W2123152121","https://openalex.org/W2159583324","https://openalex.org/W2161290748","https://openalex.org/W2473349478","https://openalex.org/W2532736362","https://openalex.org/W2591123247","https://openalex.org/W2593991686","https://openalex.org/W2760618582","https://openalex.org/W2778655071","https://openalex.org/W2786584201","https://openalex.org/W2791800558","https://openalex.org/W2914040075","https://openalex.org/W3030529440","https://openalex.org/W3084526980","https://openalex.org/W3093526682","https://openalex.org/W3111613353","https://openalex.org/W3127986940","https://openalex.org/W3157894268","https://openalex.org/W4244018843","https://openalex.org/W4251372957","https://openalex.org/W6734553190","https://openalex.org/W6748198252","https://openalex.org/W6760374937","https://openalex.org/W6787812159","https://openalex.org/W6795160808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044298438","https://openalex.org/W2240723216","https://openalex.org/W2186444170","https://openalex.org/W2010248145","https://openalex.org/W4206342372","https://openalex.org/W4388685083","https://openalex.org/W2064177607","https://openalex.org/W2157272674","https://openalex.org/W2068800403","https://openalex.org/W81415018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Biomedical":[0],"ontologies":[1,15,32],"provide":[2],"formalized":[3],"information":[4],"and":[5,25,45,75,99],"knowledge":[6],"in":[7,21,62,85,112,210],"the":[8,12,56,59,90,103,113,121,127,136,148,170,175,195,204],"biomedical":[9,14,23,31],"domain.":[10],"Over":[11],"years,":[13],"have":[16],"played":[17],"an":[18],"important":[19],"role":[20],"facilitating":[22],"research":[24],"applications.":[26],"Common":[27],"quality":[28,205],"issues":[29],"of":[30,36,58,92,152,182,186,197,207],"include":[33],"inconsistent":[34],"naming":[35],"concepts,":[37,39],"redundant":[38,40],"relations,":[41,163],"incomplete/incorrect":[42,46],"concept":[43],"definitions,":[44],"class":[47,60],"hierarchies.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50,198],"work,":[51],"we":[52,95,106,157],"focus":[53],"on":[54],"addressing":[55],"incompleteness":[57],"hierarchy":[61],"SNOMED":[63,86,153,211],"CT.":[64,87,212],"We":[65],"develop":[66],"a":[67,130,141],"substring":[68,199],"replacement":[69,200],"approach,":[70,94],"leveraging":[71],"concepts'":[72],"lexical":[73],"features":[74],"existing":[76],"IS-A":[77,83,124,162,189,208],"relations":[78,84,108,190,209],"to":[79,119,147,202],"identify":[80],"potential":[81,160],"missing":[82,123,161,188],"To":[88],"evaluate":[89],"effectiveness":[91,196],"our":[93,145],"performed":[96],"both":[97],"automated":[98,104],"manual":[100,128],"validation.":[101],"For":[102,126],"evaluation,":[105],"leverage":[107],"from":[109,135],"external":[110],"terminologies":[111],"Unified":[114],"Medical":[115],"Language":[116],"System":[117],"(UMLS)":[118],"validate":[120],"identified":[122,158],"relations.":[125],"validation,":[129],"randomly":[131],"selected":[132],"100":[133,183],"samples":[134],"results":[137],"are":[138,191],"reviewed":[139],"by":[140,174],"domain":[142,176],"expert.":[143],"Applying":[144],"approach":[146,201],"March":[149],"2022":[150],"release":[151],"CT":[154],"US":[155],"Edition,":[156],"3,228":[159],"among":[164],"which":[165],"63":[166],"were":[167],"validated":[168],"through":[169],"UMLS.":[171],"The":[172],"evaluation":[173],"expert":[177],"revealed":[178],"that":[179],"89":[180],"out":[181],"(a":[184],"precision":[185],"89%)":[187],"valid":[192],"cases,":[193],"showing":[194],"facilitate":[203],"assurance":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
