{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206419890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779","title":"Automated Classification Map Generation of Prostate Cancer using Deep Learning","display_name":"Automated Classification Map Generation of Prostate Cancer using Deep Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206419890","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607735","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035623323","display_name":"Wenhan Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhan Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061644705","display_name":"David E. Breen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1376-5008"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72816309","display_name":"Drexel University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bdffz58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David E. Breen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72816309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111918288","display_name":"Fernando U. Garcia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799409606","display_name":"Reading Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04kk13p96","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799409606"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando U. Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Tower Health, Reading, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Tower Health, Reading, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799409606"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051468738","display_name":"Mark D. Zarella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1722-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark D. Zarella","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2537,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53031423,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2064","last_page":"2071"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10775","display_name":"Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7015960812568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6743523478507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grading","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","score":0.6579136848449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6404731273651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.5490853190422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prostate-cancer","display_name":"Prostate cancer","score":0.48989933729171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.47465115785598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4130946695804596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.29763200879096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2645512819290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.10613423585891724}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7015960812568665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6743523478507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777286243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5591926","display_name":"Grading (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6579136848449707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6404731273651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.5490853190422058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780192828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181257","display_name":"Prostate cancer","level":3,"score":0.48989933729171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.47465115785598755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4130946695804596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.29763200879096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2645512819290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.10613423585891724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669779","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607735","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1711647572","https://openalex.org/W2138398330","https://openalex.org/W2234007727","https://openalex.org/W2343160907","https://openalex.org/W2599047111","https://openalex.org/W2962793691","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2969278648","https://openalex.org/W2999091210","https://openalex.org/W3040734937","https://openalex.org/W3044088237","https://openalex.org/W3103536203","https://openalex.org/W3138848412","https://openalex.org/W3207878045","https://openalex.org/W4210570244","https://openalex.org/W4255667654","https://openalex.org/W6778980151","https://openalex.org/W6802896475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064165679","https://openalex.org/W1588461101","https://openalex.org/W3208525924","https://openalex.org/W2885058781","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W1552490082","https://openalex.org/W2189583758","https://openalex.org/W3009904625","https://openalex.org/W1983121850","https://openalex.org/W2795259429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Whole":[0],"slide":[1,43],"images":[2,82,86],"are":[3,73,87],"examined":[4],"by":[5,90],"pathologists":[6,115],"and":[7,20,51,72,83],"scored":[8],"according":[9],"to":[10,94],"the":[11,118,124],"Gleason":[12],"grading":[13],"system.":[14],"It":[15],"is":[16,35],"a":[17,31,54],"time-consuming":[18],"task":[19],"may":[21],"involve":[22],"assessing":[23],"variability":[24],"between":[25],"different":[26],"pathologists.":[27],"In":[28],"this":[29,111],"work,":[30],"deep":[32,100],"learning":[33,101],"system":[34,46],"presented":[36],"that":[37,122],"generates":[38],"classification":[39,55,63,96,108,113,120],"maps":[40,64],"for":[41,57,69],"whole":[42],"images.":[44,78],"This":[45],"produces":[47],"patch-level":[48],"results":[49,121],"first":[50],"then":[52,88],"predicts":[53],"map":[56],"each":[58,70],"prostate":[59],"cancer":[60,67],"slide.":[61],"The":[62],"contain":[65],"regional":[66,119],"severity":[68],"biopsy":[71],"compared":[74],"with":[75],"provided":[76,80],"mask":[77,81,85],"Both":[79],"predicted":[84],"reviewed":[89],"an":[91],"experienced":[92],"pathologist":[93],"evaluate":[95],"performance.":[97],"Most":[98],"state-of-the-art":[99],"methods":[102],"cannot":[103],"explain":[104,123],"how":[105],"they":[106],"output":[107],"results.":[109],"With":[110],"work\u2019s":[112],"maps,":[114],"can":[116],"see":[117],"algorithm\u2019s":[125],"classification.":[126]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
