{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206376627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340","title":"Self-Supervised Learning with Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for COVID-19 Drug Recommendation","display_name":"Self-Supervised Learning with Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network for COVID-19 Drug Recommendation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206376627","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607735","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007759001","display_name":"Haifeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3619-1211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haifeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023931221","display_name":"Hongfei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-7688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongfei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022877637","display_name":"Chen Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7534-0830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80143920","display_name":"Shandong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gtjhw98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80143920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051597671","display_name":"Zhihao Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6186-2024"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024072185","display_name":"Jian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7768-2802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101857032","display_name":"Liang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3396-575X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27357992","display_name":"Dalian University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/023hj5876","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27357992"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7714,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85121107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"1412","last_page":"1417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10038","display_name":"Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":0.9314000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-repositioning","display_name":"Drug repositioning","score":0.7765218019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.758577823638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6122483015060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5717859864234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5511547327041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug","display_name":"Drug","score":0.5219613909721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5108608603477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4950815737247467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45592832565307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.4514615833759308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.15690141916275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.11836040019989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacology","display_name":"Pharmacology","score":0.07391130924224854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103637391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5308921","display_name":"Drug repositioning","level":3,"score":0.7765218019485474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.758577823638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6122483015060425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5717859864234924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5511547327041626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.5219613909721375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5108608603477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4950815737247467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45592832565307617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4514615833759308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.15690141916275024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.11836040019989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.07391130924224854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm52615.2021.9669340","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363607735","display_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2020274161","https://openalex.org/W2063149926","https://openalex.org/W2122651109","https://openalex.org/W2140310134","https://openalex.org/W2166209362","https://openalex.org/W2397757171","https://openalex.org/W2785059970","https://openalex.org/W2799845593","https://openalex.org/W2946099214","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W3004901237","https://openalex.org/W3037370465","https://openalex.org/W3038533982","https://openalex.org/W3045849749","https://openalex.org/W3047720850","https://openalex.org/W3048234417","https://openalex.org/W3049585594","https://openalex.org/W3124068996","https://openalex.org/W3124804477","https://openalex.org/W3128893339","https://openalex.org/W3203459599","https://openalex.org/W4297808394","https://openalex.org/W6680830989","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6781252125","https://openalex.org/W6781917780","https://openalex.org/W6844194202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4281673370","https://openalex.org/W4206422705","https://openalex.org/W2006667691","https://openalex.org/W2886266969","https://openalex.org/W4366527864","https://openalex.org/W2903687253","https://openalex.org/W1980001478","https://openalex.org/W2399140686","https://openalex.org/W3166711969","https://openalex.org/W4200515792"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,110],"emergence":[1],"and":[2,101,116,125],"spread":[3],"of":[4,29,50,55,107,118],"severe":[5],"acute":[6],"respiratory":[7],"syndrome":[8],"coronavirus":[9],"2":[10],"(SARS-CoV-2)":[11],"have":[12],"created":[13],"an":[14,75],"enormous":[15],"socioeconomic":[16],"impact.":[17],"Although":[18],"there":[19],"are":[20,31,127],"several":[21],"promising":[22],"drug":[23,36,57,67,108],"candidates":[24],"in":[25],"clinical":[26],"trials,":[27],"none":[28],"them":[30],"approved":[32],"yet.":[33],"Thus,":[34],"the":[35,43,47,53,95,105,114],"repositioning":[37,68],"approach":[38],"may":[39],"help":[40],"to":[41,93],"overcome":[42,60],"current":[44],"pandemic.":[45],"However,":[46],"sparse":[48,83],"dataset":[49,126],"COVID-19":[51],"limits":[52],"accuracy":[54,106],"existing":[56],"repositioning.":[58,109],"To":[59],"this":[61],"problem,":[62],"we":[63],"propose":[64],"a":[65,88],"novel":[66],"framework":[69],"(named":[70],"Drug2Cov).":[71],"Drug2Cov":[72,86,121],"can":[73],"learn":[74],"effective":[76],"representation":[77],"via":[78],"integrating":[79],"self-supervised":[80],"learning":[81],"with":[82],"data.":[84],"Meanwhile,":[85],"uses":[87],"heterogeneous":[89],"graph":[90],"neural":[91],"network":[92],"capture":[94],"complex":[96],"interaction":[97],"between":[98],"viruses,":[99],"targets,":[100],"drugs":[102],"that":[103],"enhance":[104],"experimental":[111],"results":[112],"demonstrate":[113],"effectiveness":[115],"feasibility":[117],"our":[119],"proposed":[120],"framework.":[122],"Source":[123],"code":[124],"freely":[128],"available":[129],"at":[130],"https://github.com/lhf3291109/Drug2Cov.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
