{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129040150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","title":"Deep Learning Identification of Asthma Inhaler Techniques in Clinical Notes","display_name":"Deep Learning Identification of Asthma Inhaler Techniques in Clinical Notes","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129040150","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","mag":"3129040150","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34336372"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8323494","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014075297","display_name":"Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1594-5632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bhavani Singh Agnikula Kshatriya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013284659","display_name":"Elham Sagheb","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elham Sagheb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089628676","display_name":"Chung-II Wi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-II Wi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034762381","display_name":"Jung Won Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8648-746X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143662","display_name":"Myongji Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/03zn16x61","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143662"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungwon Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pediatrics, Myongji Hospital, South Korea","Myongji Hospital, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pediatrics, Myongji Hospital, South Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Myongji Hospital, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210143662"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003803434","display_name":"Hee Yun Seol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-150X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149111","display_name":"Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04kgg1090","country_code":"KR","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210149111"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hee Yun Seol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital South Korea","Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital South Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019945208","display_name":"Young J. Juhn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2112-4240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Young Juhn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Community Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063986559","display_name":"Sunghwan Sohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8256-2602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146710","display_name":"Mayo Clinic in Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzw1w08","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330342723","https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghwan Sohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Digital Health Sciences Mayo Clinic Rochester MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014075297"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146710"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20243286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2020","issue":null,"first_page":"1736","last_page":"1739"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9695000052452087,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/documentation","display_name":"Documentation","score":0.8390684127807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhaler","display_name":"Inhaler","score":0.8131595849990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guideline","display_name":"Guideline","score":0.7224358320236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6182628870010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"Asthma","score":0.5412895083427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-health-record","display_name":"Electronic health record","score":0.4964483380317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.45667099952697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4551312029361725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.45495668053627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3814236521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3237021565437317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.8390684127807617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780261241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1394363","display_name":"Inhaler","level":3,"score":0.8131595849990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780182762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1630279","display_name":"Guideline","level":2,"score":0.7224358320236206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6182628870010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.5412895083427429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020144179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10871684","display_name":"Electronic health record","level":3,"score":0.4964483380317688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.45667099952697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4551312029361725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.45495668053627014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3814236521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3237021565437317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm49941.2020.9313224","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmid:34336372","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34336372","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8323494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8323494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings (IEEE Int Conf Bioinformatics Biomed)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8323494","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8323494","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings (IEEE Int Conf Bioinformatics Biomed)","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W86609720","https://openalex.org/W2008652550","https://openalex.org/W2138552996","https://openalex.org/W2292454350","https://openalex.org/W2604265436","https://openalex.org/W2626619241","https://openalex.org/W2770445088","https://openalex.org/W2786103837","https://openalex.org/W2795028690","https://openalex.org/W2798387376","https://openalex.org/W2915914247","https://openalex.org/W2916774960","https://openalex.org/W2927032858","https://openalex.org/W2963026768","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2965166224","https://openalex.org/W2986191653","https://openalex.org/W2997514453","https://openalex.org/W4302387082"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2804846854","https://openalex.org/W2780081309","https://openalex.org/W2787717038","https://openalex.org/W3191997342","https://openalex.org/W3003593933","https://openalex.org/W2143876325","https://openalex.org/W2618286804","https://openalex.org/W2100005695","https://openalex.org/W2047063440","https://openalex.org/W2553661076"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"are":[1,37],"significant":[2],"variabilities":[3],"in":[4,8],"clinicians'":[5,13],"guideline-concordant":[6],"documentation":[7,14,55],"asthma":[9,35,58],"care.":[10],"However,":[11],"assessing":[12],"is":[15,40,72],"not":[16],"feasible":[17],"using":[18],"only":[19],"structured":[20],"data":[21],"but":[22],"requires":[23,81],"labor":[24],"intensive":[25],"chart":[26],"review":[27],"of":[28,84],"electronic":[29],"health":[30],"records.":[31],"Although":[32],"the":[33,121,130],"national":[34],"guidelines":[36,56],"available":[38],"it":[39,80],"still":[41],"challenging":[42],"to":[43,74,107],"use":[44],"them":[45],"as":[46,66],"a":[47,90],"real-time":[48],"tool":[49],"for":[50,57],"providing":[51],"feedback":[52],"on":[53],"adhering":[54],"care":[59],"improvement.":[60],"A":[61],"certain":[62],"guideline":[63],"element,":[64],"such":[65],"teaching":[67],"or":[68],"reviewing":[69],"inhaler":[70,109],"techniques,":[71],"difficult":[73],"capture":[75],"by":[76],"handcrafted":[77],"rules":[78],"since":[79],"contextual":[82],"understanding":[83],"clinical":[85,112],"narratives.":[86,113],"This":[87],"study":[88],"examined":[89],"deep":[91],"learning":[92],"based":[93],"natural":[94],"language":[95],"model,":[96],"Bidirectional":[97],"Encoder":[98],"Representations":[99],"from":[100,111],"Transformers":[101],"(BERT)":[102],"coupled":[103],"with":[104,117,129],"distant":[105,118,133],"supervision":[106,119],"identify":[108],"techniques":[110],"The":[114],"BERT":[115,131],"model":[116],"outperformed":[120],"rule-based":[122],"approach":[123],"and":[124],"achieved":[125],"performance":[126],"gain":[127],"compared":[128],"without":[132],"supervision.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}