{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3004721468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","title":"Automatic ICD code assignment utilizing textual descriptions and hierarchical structure of ICD code","display_name":"Automatic ICD code assignment utilizing textual descriptions and hierarchical structure of ICD code","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3004721468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","mag":"3004721468"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428111","display_name":"Yuwen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7763-0949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuwen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,P.R.China","School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071759737","display_name":"Jiangtao Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2827-8322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangtao Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,P.R.China","School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong,P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Data and Computer Science, Guangdong Province Key Lab of Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2019","issue":null,"first_page":"348","last_page":"353"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7672049403190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.68178391456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.6099954843521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.37680360674858093}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7672049403190613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.68178391456604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.6099954843521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.37680360674858093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibm47256.2019.8983078","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3085071377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://jglobal.jst.go.jp/en/detail?JGLOBAL_ID=202002213074946310","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306512817","display_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Conference Proceedings","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W1974957625","https://openalex.org/W2007666495","https://openalex.org/W2086294181","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2104246439","https://openalex.org/W2104321900","https://openalex.org/W2118712128","https://openalex.org/W2132116671","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2396881363","https://openalex.org/W2460445187","https://openalex.org/W2549259847","https://openalex.org/W2551396370","https://openalex.org/W2617980815","https://openalex.org/W2690721124","https://openalex.org/W2741740533","https://openalex.org/W2768948924","https://openalex.org/W2793303269","https://openalex.org/W2884561390","https://openalex.org/W2904803701","https://openalex.org/W2949615363","https://openalex.org/W2962809918","https://openalex.org/W2962912956","https://openalex.org/W2963355447","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2964142373","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W2985962305","https://openalex.org/W3099136959","https://openalex.org/W4293582125","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6672367657","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6677758222","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6679969511","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6685812147","https://openalex.org/W6742348326","https://openalex.org/W6744560608","https://openalex.org/W6749466839"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365264209","https://openalex.org/W2724855087","https://openalex.org/W962203960","https://openalex.org/W2026999166","https://openalex.org/W2122804569","https://openalex.org/W2793786546","https://openalex.org/W1996802783","https://openalex.org/W2509431957","https://openalex.org/W2066802334","https://openalex.org/W2789847084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"International":[0],"Classification":[1],"of":[2,9,28,68,74,114,142,149],"Diseases":[3],"(ICD)":[4],"codes":[5,11,30,76,138],"provides":[6],"a":[7,26,32,36,59,79,154],"hierarchy":[8],"diagnostic":[10,98,115],"for":[12,42,117],"classifying":[13],"diseases,":[14],"which":[15,24],"plays":[16],"an":[17,158],"important":[18],"role":[19],"in":[20],"healthcare.":[21],"Medical":[22],"coding":[23,48],"assigns":[25],"subset":[27],"ICD":[29,75],"to":[31,77,92,129],"patient":[33,43],"visit":[34],"is":[35,40,49],"mandatory":[37],"process":[38],"that":[39,64],"crucial":[41],"care":[44],"and":[45,52,71,100,139,157],"billing.":[46],"Manual":[47],"time-consuming,":[50],"expensive,":[51],"error-prone.":[53],"In":[54],"this":[55],"paper,":[56],"we":[57,86,125],"present":[58],"deep":[60],"learning":[61],"based":[62],"network":[63],"utilizes":[65],"the":[66,88,94,97,101,105,122,134,140,147,150],"information":[67],"textual":[69,102],"descriptions":[70],"hierarchical":[72,131,135],"structure":[73],"make":[78],"code":[80],"assignment":[81],"automatically.":[82],"On":[83,121],"one":[84],"hand,":[85,124],"use":[87],"machine":[89],"comprehension":[90],"framework":[91],"model":[93,106,130],"relationship":[95,136],"between":[96],"description":[99,116],"descriptions,":[103],"enabling":[104],"put":[107],"more":[108],"attention":[109],"on":[110,153],"most":[111],"relevant":[112],"segments":[113],"each":[118,143],"possible":[119],"codes.":[120],"other":[123],"exploit":[126],"tree-LSTM":[127],"architecture":[128],"structure,":[132],"capturing":[133],"among":[137],"semantics":[141],"code.":[144],"We":[145],"demonstrate":[146],"effectiveness":[148],"proposed":[151],"methods":[152],"Chinese":[155],"dataset":[156],"English":[159],"dataset.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-17T09:13:05.818461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}