{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200625936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557","title":"Automatic Estimation of Limbal Stem Cell Densities in Cultured Epithelial Cell Microscopy Imaging","display_name":"Automatic Estimation of Limbal Stem Cell Densities in Cultured Epithelial Cell Microscopy Imaging","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200625936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608533","display_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006186687","display_name":"Nathan Siu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7140-3937"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Siu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020158840","display_name":"Maxime Ruiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2940-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxime Ruiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078607826","display_name":"Sheyla Gonzalez Garrido","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheyla Gonzalez Garrido","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104021991","display_name":"Yu Yan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036829364","display_name":"Dylan Steinecke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0469-0868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dylan Steinecke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Informatics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104021992","display_name":"Elizabeth Rao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elizabeth Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084568780","display_name":"Rachel Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6075-8687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080467992","display_name":"Sarah Robertson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-531X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Robertson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108084636","display_name":"Sophie X. Deng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sophie Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Stein Eye Institute University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001751044","display_name":"Corey Arnold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4119-8143"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Corey Arnold","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029456122","display_name":"William Speier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0890-8684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Speier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":11,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006186687"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3021,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43844985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11828","display_name":"Corneal Surgery and Treatments","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stem-cell","display_name":"Stem cell","score":0.6285566091537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5113108158111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell","display_name":"Cell","score":0.4742518961429596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transplantation","display_name":"Transplantation","score":0.4594830274581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consistency","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","score":0.45700395107269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limbal-stem-cell","display_name":"Limbal stem cell","score":0.4527679681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelium","display_name":"Epithelium","score":0.44336387515068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42964017391204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ex-vivo","display_name":"Ex vivo","score":0.42734095454216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneal-epithelium","display_name":"Corneal epithelium","score":0.3861348330974579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.38501691818237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.30988025665283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vivo","display_name":"In vivo","score":0.24578547477722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.2388545274734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2168935239315033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cell-biology","display_name":"Cell biology","score":0.17372268438339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.11682432889938354}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28328180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48196","display_name":"Stem cell","level":2,"score":0.6285566091537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5113108158111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1491633281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7868","display_name":"Cell","level":2,"score":0.4742518961429596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.4594830274581909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.45700395107269287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778155685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5918496","display_name":"Limbal stem cell","level":4,"score":0.4527679681777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529295009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41301","display_name":"Epithelium","level":2,"score":0.44336387515068054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42964017391204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26291073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310484","display_name":"Ex vivo","level":3,"score":0.42734095454216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779257441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2040445","display_name":"Corneal epithelium","level":3,"score":0.3861348330974579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.38501691818237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.30988025665283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.24578547477722168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.2388545274734497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2168935239315033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.17372268438339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.11682432889938354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bibe52308.2021.9635557","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608533","display_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 21st International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487158340","https://openalex.org/W1968663547","https://openalex.org/W2003099669","https://openalex.org/W2138825607","https://openalex.org/W2168041984","https://openalex.org/W2607941059","https://openalex.org/W2898101134","https://openalex.org/W2910893554","https://openalex.org/W2981994674","https://openalex.org/W3103117538","https://openalex.org/W3142256301","https://openalex.org/W4230865339","https://openalex.org/W6629258329","https://openalex.org/W6680497045","https://openalex.org/W6736439257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2405828002","https://openalex.org/W1995054600","https://openalex.org/W2091186803","https://openalex.org/W1964563712","https://openalex.org/W1993499412","https://openalex.org/W2411580003","https://openalex.org/W1899775195","https://openalex.org/W77474793","https://openalex.org/W2373217083","https://openalex.org/W2063326250"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Limbal":[0],"stem":[1,38],"cell":[2,58,88,153,169],"deficiency":[3],"(LSCD)":[4],"is":[5,57,61,68],"a":[6,83],"progressive":[7],"corneal":[8,13],"disease":[9],"that":[10,85,146],"renders":[11],"the":[12,23,34,42,51,94,129,147],"epithelium":[14],"unable":[15],"to":[16,22,49,81,122],"repair":[17],"itself,":[18],"which":[19,60,67,156],"can":[20,150,157],"lead":[21],"eventual":[24],"loss":[25],"of":[26,36,44,53,77,93,108],"vision.":[27],"Advances":[28],"in":[29],"technology":[30],"have":[31],"allowed":[32],"for":[33,41,166],"growth":[35],"limbal":[37],"cells":[39,56],"ex-vivo":[40],"purposes":[43],"transplantation.":[45],"One":[46],"method":[47],"used":[48],"evaluate":[50],"quality":[52],"these":[54],"cultivated":[55],"density,":[59],"typically":[62],"calculated":[63],"manually":[64],"by":[65],"experts,":[66],"time-consuming":[69],"and":[70,162],"has":[71],"high":[72,113],"inter-rater":[73],"variability.":[74],"The":[75],"goal":[76],"this":[78],"project":[79],"was":[80],"create":[82],"tool":[84,149],"automatically":[86],"calculates":[87],"density":[89,154],"from":[90,102],"digital":[91],"images":[92],"cultured":[95],"cells.":[96],"Results":[97],"were":[98],"compared":[99,121],"against":[100],"annotations":[101,117],"four":[103],"experts":[104],"with":[105,115,125,135],"varying":[106],"levels":[107],"experience.":[109],"Cell":[110],"counts":[111],"had":[112],"correlation":[114],"expert":[116],"(r=0.64,":[118],"p<0.01).":[119,142],"When":[120],"human":[123],"annotators":[124,138],"lower":[126],"clinical":[127],"experience,":[128],"algorithm":[130],"achieved":[131],"significantly":[132],"better":[133],"agreement":[134],"highly":[136],"experienced":[137],"(r=0.75":[139],"vs":[140],"r=0.19,":[141],"These":[143],"results":[144],"suggest":[145],"automated":[148],"provide":[151],"meaningful":[152],"counts,":[155],"potentially":[158],"improve":[159],"annotation":[160],"consistency":[161],"reduce":[163],"time":[164],"required":[165],"evaluating":[167],"LSCD":[168],"cultures.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}