{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416251435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637","title":"A Framework for Embedding Generative and Agentic AI in Open Source Intelligence","display_name":"A Framework for Embedding Generative and Agentic AI in Open Source Intelligence","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416251435","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/10859/1/IEEE_Conf_CERC_2025_KW__GenAI_for_OSINT-Camera%20Ready.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115788287","display_name":"Eduardo Almeida Palmieri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","display_name":"London Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae33288","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Almeida Palmieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101549630","display_name":"Mohamed Chahine Ghanem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7067-7848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","display_name":"London Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae33288","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Chahine Ghanem","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004182979","display_name":"Viktor Sowinski\u2010Mydlarz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","display_name":"London Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae33288","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viktor Sowinski-Mydlarz","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025816613","display_name":"Dipo Dunsin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7376-0477"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","display_name":"London Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae33288","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dipo Dunsin","raw_affiliation_strings":["London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"London Metropolitan University,Cyber Security Research Centre,London,UK,N78DB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.2354,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96998709,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"838","last_page":"844"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.1257999986410141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12572","display_name":"Intelligence, Security, War Strategy","score":0.1257999986410141,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.06350000202655792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.029400000348687172,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orchestration","display_name":"Orchestration","score":0.5741000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disparate-system","display_name":"Disparate system","score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.3091000020503998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7171000242233276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.5741000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4771000146865845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19443361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282533","display_name":"Disparate system","level":2,"score":0.37130001187324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.35519999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.33399999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3174999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28999999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.2879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.2824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180198813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121182","display_name":"Information system","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.2750000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517642484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388514","display_name":"Intelligence analysis","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780440489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227278","display_name":"Data-driven","level":2,"score":0.2531000077724457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114073186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2631895","display_name":"Automated planning and scheduling","level":2,"score":0.25}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229637","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.londonmet.ac.uk:10859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/10859/1/IEEE_Conf_CERC_2025_KW__GenAI_for_OSINT-Camera%20Ready.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400140","display_name":"London Met Repository (London Metropolitan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","host_organization_name":"London Metropolitan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.londonmet.ac.uk:10859","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/10859/1/IEEE_Conf_CERC_2025_KW__GenAI_for_OSINT-Camera%20Ready.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400140","display_name":"London Met Repository (London Metropolitan University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I126193024","host_organization_name":"London Metropolitan University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126193024"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416251435.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416251435.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388722750","https://openalex.org/W4390098205","https://openalex.org/W4394712905","https://openalex.org/W4395070499","https://openalex.org/W4399920728","https://openalex.org/W4400580015","https://openalex.org/W4400946212","https://openalex.org/W4401691715","https://openalex.org/W4402571630","https://openalex.org/W4404179055","https://openalex.org/W4404563225","https://openalex.org/W4405186285","https://openalex.org/W4407509125","https://openalex.org/W4408241012","https://openalex.org/W4409576412","https://openalex.org/W4409882847","https://openalex.org/W4411568949"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Open":[0],"Source":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"(OSINT)":[3],"plays":[4],"a":[5,54],"critical":[6],"role":[7],"in":[8],"cybersecurity":[9],"and":[10,19,28,48,66,82,97,119,143,158,171],"threat":[11],"intelligence.":[12],"However,":[13],"traditional":[14],"methods":[15],"are":[16],"slow,":[17],"manual,":[18],"difficult":[20],"to":[21,41,86,90,93,99,148],"scale.":[22],"Although":[23],"Large":[24],"Language":[25],"Models":[26],"(LLMs)":[27],"Generative":[29],"AI":[30,164],"have":[31],"been":[32],"explored":[33],"for":[34,102,110,161],"OSINT,":[35],"most":[36],"existing":[37],"approaches":[38],"apply":[39],"them":[40],"isolated":[42],"tasks":[43],"without":[44],"developing":[45],"an":[46,162],"integrated":[47],"autonomous":[49,62],"architecture.":[50],"This":[51,152],"paper":[52],"proposes":[53],"novel":[55],"Agentic":[56,163],"AI-driven":[57],"OSINT":[58,150,165],"framework":[59,139],"that":[60,167],"enables":[61],"information":[63],"gathering,":[64],"reasoning,":[65,81],"tool":[67],"orchestration":[68],"across":[69],"heterogeneous":[70],"open-source":[71],"data":[72,112,135],"streams.":[73],"The":[74,105],"system":[75,166],"uses":[76],"retrieval-augmented":[77],"generation":[78],"(RAG),":[79],"chain-of-thought":[80],"adaptive":[83],"agent":[84],"planning":[85],"determine":[87],"which":[88],"tools":[89],"invoke,":[91],"how":[92,137],"process":[94],"intermediate":[95],"outputs,":[96],"when":[98,146],"escalate":[100],"findings":[101],"human":[103],"review.":[104],"proposed":[106],"architecture":[107],"includes":[108],"modules":[109],"multi-source":[111],"ingestion,":[113],"LLM-powered":[114],"analysis,":[115],"generative":[116],"scenario":[117],"simulation,":[118],"ethical":[120,172],"safeguard":[121],"enforcement.":[122],"A":[123],"proof-of-concept":[124],"use":[125],"case":[126],"involving":[127],"the":[128,138,155],"location":[129],"of":[130],"missing":[131],"persons":[132],"from":[133],"public":[134],"demonstrates":[136],"improves":[140],"coverage,":[141],"accuracy,":[142],"decision":[144],"speed":[145],"compared":[147],"conventional":[149],"workflows.":[151],"work":[153],"introduces":[154],"first":[156],"unified":[157],"reproducible":[159],"design":[160],"incorporates":[168],"transparency,":[169],"accountability,":[170],"compliance":[173],"into":[174],"its":[175],"operational":[176],"core.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}