{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416250354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460","title":"Securing Automatic Speech Recognition with Attention-driven Adversarial Detection","display_name":"Securing Automatic Speech Recognition with Attention-driven Adversarial Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416250354","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103837426","display_name":"Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kyungpook National University,School of Computer Science,Daegu,South Korea,41566"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kyungpook National University,School of Computer Science,Daegu,South Korea,41566","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043567947","display_name":"Muhammad Rashid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2557-6845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16076960","display_name":"COMSATS University Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/00nqqvk19","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ehtisham Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSATS University Islamabad,Department of Computer Science,Islamabad,Pakistan,45550"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSATS University Islamabad,Department of Computer Science,Islamabad,Pakistan,45550","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16076960"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073336149","display_name":"Murad Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9905-8904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111408","display_name":"Kuwait College of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vjvsj67","country_code":"KW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111408"]}],"countries":["KW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Murad Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuwait College of Science and Technology,Department of Computer Science,Kuwait City,Kuwait,35001"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuwait College of Science and Technology,Department of Computer Science,Kuwait City,Kuwait,35001","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32182885,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"906","last_page":"911"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.95660001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6646999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mnist-database","display_name":"MNIST database","score":0.6107000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3714999854564667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.95660001039505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7501999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6646999716758728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190502265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17069496","display_name":"MNIST database","level":3,"score":0.6107000112533569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6103000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.541700005531311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.44040000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.41130000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3714999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177918212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q803623","display_name":"Perturbation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.3449999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.34200000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3093999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780186347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11414","display_name":"Subnetwork","level":2,"score":0.2994999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140547941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7797194","display_name":"Threat model","level":2,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229460","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077574412","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2127141656","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2819089364","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964301649","https://openalex.org/W6922480057"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,24,63,116,121,125,128,148,183,200,211],"use":[2],"of":[3,65,161,185,202,215],"Automatic":[4],"Speech":[5],"Recognition":[6],"(ASR)":[7],"systems":[8],"continues":[9],"to":[10,19,41,76,182,198],"grow":[11],"across":[12],"various":[13],"applications,":[14],"concerns":[15],"about":[16],"their":[17],"vulnerability":[18],"adversarial":[20,55,81,90,137,174,191,207],"attacks":[21,208],"are":[22,69],"on":[23,101,147],"rise.":[25],"Adversarial":[26],"examples,":[27,82],"which":[28,68,92],"exploit":[29],"model":[30,77],"vulnerabilities":[31],"through":[32],"imperceptible":[33],"perturbations,":[34],"pose":[35],"significant":[36],"challenges":[37],"and":[38,104,152,165,196,209,213],"can":[39],"lead":[40],"incorrect":[42],"outputs.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"work,":[46],"we":[47,83],"propose":[48],"a":[49,85,112,170],"novel":[50],"attention-based":[51,108],"framework":[52],"for":[53,173],"detecting":[54],"examples":[56,138,175],"in":[57,115,135,159,177,205],"ASR":[58],"systems.":[59,218],"Our":[60],"approach":[61,146,204],"addresses":[62],"limitations":[64],"existing":[66],"techniques,":[67],"often":[70],"computationally":[71],"expensive":[72],"or":[73],"require":[74],"access":[75],"internals.":[78],"To":[79],"craft":[80],"employ":[84],"Projected":[86],"Gradient":[87],"Descent":[88],"(PGD)":[89],"attack,":[91],"efficiently":[93],"identifies":[94],"optimal":[95],"input":[96,131],"perturbations":[97,126],"while":[98],"satisfying":[99],"constraints":[100],"perturbation":[102,117,141,166],"magnitude":[103],"human":[105],"discernibility.":[106],"The":[107],"neural":[109],"network":[110],"plays":[111],"crucial":[113],"role":[114],"process":[118],"by":[119],"calculating":[120],"saliency":[122],"map,":[123],"guiding":[124],"towards":[127],"most":[129],"relevant":[130],"regions.":[132],"This":[133],"results":[134],"potent":[136],"with":[139],"minimal":[140],"sizes.":[142],"We":[143,193],"evaluate":[144],"our":[145,179,203],"Audio":[149],"MNIST":[150],"dataset":[151],"demonstrate":[153],"its":[154],"superiority":[155],"over":[156],"state-of-the-art":[157],"techniques":[158],"terms":[160],"both":[162],"success":[163],"rate":[164],"size.":[167],"By":[168],"offering":[169],"comprehensive":[171],"solution":[172],"detection":[176],"ASR,":[178],"method":[180],"contributes":[181],"advancement":[184],"robust":[186],"machine":[187,216],"learning":[188,217],"models":[189],"against":[190],"threats.":[192],"invite":[194],"researchers":[195],"practitioners":[197],"explore":[199],"potential":[201],"mitigating":[206],"enhancing":[210],"security":[212],"reliability":[214]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}