{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7105654352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452","title":"An Economic and Game-Theoretic Analysis of Participant Incentives in a Threshold-Based Decentralized Identity System","display_name":"An Economic and Game-Theoretic Analysis of Participant Incentives in a Threshold-Based Decentralized Identity System","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7105654352","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yash Aswani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91699865","display_name":"Indian Institute of Management Lucknow","ror":"https://ror.org/05gfjrx96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yash Aswani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sandeep Srivastava","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91699865","display_name":"Indian Institute of Management Lucknow","ror":"https://ror.org/05gfjrx96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandeep Srivastava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Deepshikha Agarwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91699865","display_name":"Indian Institute of Management Lucknow","ror":"https://ror.org/05gfjrx96","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deepshikha Agarwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Information Technology,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Lucknow,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91699865"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55013576,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"674","last_page":"681"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.8418999910354614,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.8418999910354614,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.027300000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.016200000420212746,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collusion","display_name":"Collusion","score":0.7904000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.691100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nash-equilibrium","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stochastic-game","display_name":"Stochastic game","score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity-management","display_name":"Identity management","score":0.36309999227523804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781198186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q701521","display_name":"Collusion","level":2,"score":0.7904000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.691100001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.522599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46814582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23389","display_name":"Nash equilibrium","level":2,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4887000024318695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.451200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22171661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074380","display_name":"Stochastic game","level":2,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555379026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977772","display_name":"Identity management","level":3,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50318809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145081","display_name":"Replicator equation","level":3,"score":0.3582000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.32089999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.31949999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.3098999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29339998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98965940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877496","display_name":"Transaction cost","level":2,"score":0.290800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.2831000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86532276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184065","display_name":"Delegation","level":2,"score":0.2712000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85847156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q59015987","display_name":"Verifiable secret sharing","level":3,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32896092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189447","display_name":"Risk management","level":2,"score":0.2549000084400177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca66705.2025.11229452","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 7th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5791814923286438}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1559136758","https://openalex.org/W1867048327","https://openalex.org/W2103863878","https://openalex.org/W2522448907","https://openalex.org/W2555782333","https://openalex.org/W2738959495","https://openalex.org/W2886180210","https://openalex.org/W2889627320","https://openalex.org/W4313894715","https://openalex.org/W4399119678","https://openalex.org/W4400254643","https://openalex.org/W4413473546"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Blockchain":[0],"technology":[1],"offers":[2],"significant":[3],"potential":[4,93,127],"for":[5,68,101,165,240,248],"enhancing":[6],"data":[7,105,132],"integrity,":[8],"transparency,":[9],"and":[10,20,42,57,72,92,136,159,178,226,244,263],"patient":[11],"consent":[12],"management":[13],"in":[14,176],"clinical":[15,103,187],"trials.":[16],"However,":[17],"the":[18,40,53,85,146,152,160,186,191,211,219,224,229],"security":[19,161,227,265],"reliability":[21],"of":[22,45,148,155,195,228],"these":[23,46],"systems,":[24],"particularly":[25],"permissioned":[26,97],"blockchains":[27],"relying":[28],"on":[29,39],"threshold":[30,162],"cryptography":[31],"operated":[32],"by":[33,79,112,252],"collaborating":[34],"institutions":[35],"(nodes),":[36],"fundamentally":[37],"depend":[38],"active":[41],"honest":[43,199,215],"participation":[44,62,216],"nodes.":[47],"While":[48],"technical":[49,262],"safeguards":[50],"are":[51,63,110],"crucial,":[52],"underlying":[54],"economic":[55],"incentives":[56,255],"strategic":[58,86,108,193],"behaviors":[59],"governing":[60],"node":[61],"often":[64],"underexplored":[65],"yet":[66],"critical":[67,166],"long-term":[69],"system":[70,124,150],"viability":[71],"trustworthiness.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"addresses":[76],"this":[77],"gap":[78],"applying":[80],"game":[81],"theory":[82],"to":[83,185,209],"analyze":[84],"interactions":[87,109],"between":[88],"participating":[89,156],"nodes":[90,157],"(shareholders)":[91],"attackers":[94],"within":[95],"a":[96],"blockchain":[98,230,246],"framework":[99],"designed":[100],"secure":[102],"trial":[104,188],"sharing.":[106],"The":[107,236],"modeled":[111],"incorporating":[113],"rational":[114,192],"actors":[115],"with":[116,256],"defined":[117],"costs":[118],"(e.g.,":[119,123,130,138],"operational":[120],"overhead),":[121],"benefits":[122],"access,":[125],"reputation),":[126],"illicit":[128],"gains":[129],"from":[131,232],"breaches":[133],"or":[134,204],"collusion),":[135],"penalties":[137],"regulatory":[139],"fines,":[140],"exclusion).":[141],"Payoff":[142],"functions":[143],"explicitly":[144],"consider":[145],"influence":[147],"key":[149],"parameters:":[151],"total":[153],"number":[154],"(N)":[158],"(t)":[163],"required":[164],"operations.":[167],"Using":[168],"Nash":[169],"equilibrium":[170],"analysis,":[171],"we":[172],"investigate":[173],"how":[174],"variations":[175],"$\\mathbf{N}$":[177],"$\\mathbf{t}$,":[179],"alongside":[180],"different":[181],"cost-benefit-penalty":[182],"structures":[183],"relevant":[184],"context,":[189],"impact":[190],"choices":[194],"participants":[196],"(i.e.,":[197],"choosing":[198],"cooperation":[200],"versus":[201],"malicious":[202],"collusion":[203],"attack).":[205],"Our":[206],"analysis":[207],"aims":[208],"identify":[210],"conditions":[212],"under":[213],"which":[214],"emerges":[217],"as":[218],"dominant":[220],"strategy,":[221],"thereby":[222],"ensuring":[223],"stability":[225],"network":[231,258],"an":[233],"incentive-compatibility":[234],"perspective.":[235],"findings":[237],"provide":[238],"insights":[239],"designing":[241],"more":[242],"robust":[243],"trustworthy":[245],"systems":[247],"sensitive":[249],"healthcare":[250],"applications":[251],"aligning":[253],"participant":[254],"overall":[257],"security,":[259],"complementing":[260],"existing":[261],"probabilistic":[264],"assessments.":[266]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-11-14T00:00:00"}
