{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406729679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412","title":"Enhancing Blockchain Decentralization through Epoch Age-Based Validator Selection: The WEAVE Algorithm","display_name":"Enhancing Blockchain Decentralization through Epoch Age-Based Validator Selection: The WEAVE Algorithm","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406729679","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 6th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019249941","display_name":"Kai Otsuki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8466-807X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kai Otsuki","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT Digital, Inc.,Tokyo,Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT Digital, Inc.,Tokyo,Japan","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019249941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7359,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82034774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"710","last_page":"716"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/validator","display_name":"Validator","score":0.8865581154823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.8038943409919739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decentralization","display_name":"Decentralization","score":0.7265536785125732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epoch","display_name":"Epoch (astronomy)","score":0.6861406564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6145277619361877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.611508846282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3966924846172333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2594221830368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.18816044926643372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13667014241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.08096683025360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.06999224424362183}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35292069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1575458","display_name":"Validator","level":2,"score":0.8865581154823303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.8038943409919739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136810230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188961","display_name":"Decentralization","level":2,"score":0.7265536785125732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780317896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2703","display_name":"Epoch (astronomy)","level":3,"score":0.6861406564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6145277619361877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.611508846282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3966924846172333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2594221830368042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.18816044926643372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13667014241218567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.08096683025360107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.06999224424362183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/bcca62388.2024.10844412","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 6th International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2763398287","https://openalex.org/W2967604605","https://openalex.org/W2971052312","https://openalex.org/W3088345572","https://openalex.org/W3089443464","https://openalex.org/W3091788338","https://openalex.org/W3110587988","https://openalex.org/W3162886728","https://openalex.org/W4211068006","https://openalex.org/W4296774052","https://openalex.org/W6774817649","https://openalex.org/W6793285265"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318683744","https://openalex.org/W4210406818","https://openalex.org/W4306779889","https://openalex.org/W3048554917","https://openalex.org/W2910132097","https://openalex.org/W3211706803","https://openalex.org/W4382775358","https://openalex.org/W4375842390","https://openalex.org/W4246942721","https://openalex.org/W2383224865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Decentralization":[0],"is":[1],"essential":[2],"to":[3,9,72,106],"blockchains":[4,23],"because":[5],"it":[6,86],"enables":[7],"them":[8],"serve":[10],"as":[11,39],"next-generation":[12],"global":[13],"infrastructure.":[14],"However,":[15],"many":[16],"recent":[17],"studies":[18],"have":[19,24],"found":[20],"that":[21,85],"numerous":[22],"not":[25],"achieved":[26],"a":[27,59,95],"significant":[28],"degree":[29],"of":[30],"decentralization.":[31,74,91],"To":[32],"maintain":[33],"decentralization,":[34,83],"consensus":[35],"algorithms":[36],"are":[37,44],"key":[38],"they":[40],"determine":[41],"how":[42],"profits":[43],"distributed":[45],"among":[46],"network":[47],"participants.":[48],"This":[49],"study":[50],"highlights":[51],"consensus,":[52],"particularly":[53],"validator":[54],"selection":[55],"algorithms,":[56],"and":[57,89],"proposes":[58],"method":[60],"called":[61],"Weighted":[62],"Epoch":[63],"Age":[64],"Validator":[65],"Election":[66],"(WEAVE)":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69,81],"epoch":[70],"age":[71],"enhance":[73],"Through":[75],"simulations,":[76],"we":[77],"analyze":[78],"WEAVE\u2019s":[79],"impact":[80],"system":[82],"demonstrating":[84],"effectively":[87],"maintains":[88],"improves":[90],"Notably,":[92],"WEAVE":[93],"achieves":[94],"69.36%":[96],"improvement":[97],"in":[98],"the":[99],"Gini":[100],"coefficient":[101],"after":[102],"1000":[103],"epochs":[104],"compared":[105],"existing":[107],"methods.":[108]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-05T08:41:31.759640","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}