{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2063894201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","title":"Voice activity classification using beamformer-output-ratio","display_name":"Voice activity classification using beamformer-output-ratio","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2063894201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","mag":"2063894201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Australian Communications Theory Workshop (AusCTW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079069430","display_name":"Thuy Ngoc Tran","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thuy N Tran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia, Australia","Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055076053","display_name":"William G. Cowley","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0477-919X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Cowley","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia","Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005558550","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Pollok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8622-0853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170239107","display_name":"University of South Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/01p93h210","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Pollok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia, Australia","Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research University of South Australia, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Telecommunications Research, University of South Australia, Australia#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079069430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170239107"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4897,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66990229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"96","last_page":"101"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11233","display_name":"Advanced Adaptive Filtering Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.8307148218154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-beamformer","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","score":0.8256268501281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.6760071516036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6672376394271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.5927844643592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-variance-unbiased-estimator","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","score":0.4921936094760895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relation","display_name":"Relation (database)","score":0.4610757827758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variance","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","score":0.43345797061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.25511398911476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14684855937957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.14189967513084412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13495862483978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.1029629111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07106935977935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communication","display_name":"Communication","score":0.05882301926612854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.8307148218154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33378366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680719","display_name":"Adaptive beamformer","level":3,"score":0.8256268501281738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.6760071516036987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6672376394271851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.5927844643592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165646398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3755281","display_name":"Minimum-variance unbiased estimator","level":3,"score":0.4921936094760895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.4610757827758789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196083921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7915758","display_name":"Variance (accounting)","level":2,"score":0.43345797061920166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.25511398911476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14684855937957764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.14189967513084412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13495862483978271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1029629111289978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07106935977935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.05882301926612854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ausctw.2012.6164913","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Australian Communications Theory Workshop (AusCTW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W167456299","https://openalex.org/W560131647","https://openalex.org/W653761051","https://openalex.org/W1521990686","https://openalex.org/W1563939609","https://openalex.org/W1576049859","https://openalex.org/W1766888123","https://openalex.org/W2044342600","https://openalex.org/W2131833400","https://openalex.org/W2138414774","https://openalex.org/W2147665979","https://openalex.org/W2401696961","https://openalex.org/W2478884216","https://openalex.org/W2485688913","https://openalex.org/W2568428461","https://openalex.org/W3142482781","https://openalex.org/W3217047761","https://openalex.org/W4210849719","https://openalex.org/W6713570555"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2996333928","https://openalex.org/W2009075871","https://openalex.org/W2033329112","https://openalex.org/W2132841313","https://openalex.org/W2518591292","https://openalex.org/W1976800395","https://openalex.org/W2105408150","https://openalex.org/W2803318287","https://openalex.org/W2606661315"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,137],"a":[1,61,84,133],"conversation":[2],"between":[3],"multiple":[4],"speakers,":[5,57],"each":[6,20,75],"person":[7],"participates":[8],"in":[9,19,74,161,167],"the":[10,16,27,32,50,71,87,95,109,112,116,138,142,144,148,151],"speech":[11,21,76],"at":[12,102],"different":[13,99,162],"times.":[14],"Therefore":[15],"active":[17,72],"speakers":[18,33],"segment":[22],"are":[23,126,155],"unknown.":[24],"However,":[25],"identifying":[26,70],"voice":[28,62],"activity":[29,63],"(VA)":[30],"of":[31,34,97,108,114,141,147,150],"interest":[35],"is":[36,81,92],"required":[37],"for":[38],"adaptive":[39,51],"beamforming":[40,48,53,154],"techniques":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43],"minimum":[44],"variance":[45],"distortionless":[46],"response":[47],"and":[49,121,131,164],"blocking":[52],"(AB).":[54],"Considering":[55],"two":[56,98,103],"this":[58],"paper":[59,110],"addresses":[60],"classification":[64,135],"(VAC)":[65],"problem":[66],"that":[67],"focuses":[68],"on":[69,83,128],"speaker(s)":[73],"segment.":[77],"The":[78,105,124],"proposed":[79],"method":[80,118],"based":[82,127],"new":[85],"concept,":[86],"beamformer-output-ratio":[88],"(BOR).":[89],"This":[90],"value":[91],"calculated":[93],"from":[94],"outputs":[96],"beamformers":[100],"steering":[101],"speakers.":[104],"first":[106],"part":[107,140],"introduces":[111],"definition":[113],"BOR,":[115],"VAC":[117],"using":[119],"BOR":[120,149,158],"simulation":[122],"results.":[123],"simulations":[125],"real":[129],"recordings":[130],"show":[132],"high":[134],"accuracy.":[136],"second":[139],"paper,":[143],"theoretical":[145],"results":[146],"delay-and-sum":[152],"(DS)":[153],"presented,":[156],"including":[157],"formula":[159],"derived":[160],"environments":[163],"its":[165],"behaviour":[166],"relation":[168],"to":[169],"parameter":[170],"errors.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}