{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3093477629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","title":"Structure relationship classification for the recognition of mathematical expression handwritten in Arabic","display_name":"Structure relationship classification for the recognition of mathematical expression handwritten in Arabic","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3093477629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","mag":"3093477629"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061489076","display_name":"Ibtissem Hadj Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0775-728X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8636806","display_name":"University of Sousse","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ibtissem Hadj Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["LATIS-Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, Universit\u00e9 de Sousse, Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LATIS-Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, Universit\u00e9 de Sousse, Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000463539","display_name":"Mohamed Ali Mahjoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8181-4684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8636806","display_name":"University of Sousse","ror":"https://ror.org/00dmpgj58","country_code":"TN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}],"countries":["TN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Ali Mahjoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["LATIS-Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, Universit\u00e9 de Sousse, Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LATIS-Laboratory of Advanced Technology and Intelligent Systems, Universit\u00e9 de Sousse, Ecole Nationale d'Ing\u00e9nieurs de Sousse, Sousse, Tunisie","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061489076"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8636806"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11359817,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13523","display_name":"Mathematics, Computing, and Information Processing","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.988099992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7726243138313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7450636029243469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7328025102615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6920593976974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.6246687769889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5785176753997803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arabic","display_name":"Arabic","score":0.5231917500495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaboost","display_name":"AdaBoost","score":0.5194668173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4489879608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.32037636637687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21701651811599731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7726243138313293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7450636029243469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7328025102615356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6920593976974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.6246687769889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5785176753997803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96455323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13955","display_name":"Arabic","level":2,"score":0.5231917500495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141404830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2823869","display_name":"AdaBoost","level":3,"score":0.5194668173789978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4489879608154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.32037636637687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21701651811599731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/atsip49331.2020.9231701","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 5th International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Signal and Image Processing (ATSIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.5}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977062839","https://openalex.org/W1993527677","https://openalex.org/W2002957392","https://openalex.org/W2031071334","https://openalex.org/W2037121285","https://openalex.org/W2119821739","https://openalex.org/W2125779354","https://openalex.org/W2151317250","https://openalex.org/W2170570264","https://openalex.org/W2272495535","https://openalex.org/W2419079048","https://openalex.org/W2608091785","https://openalex.org/W2811131556","https://openalex.org/W2911964244","https://openalex.org/W2963995009","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W6648928232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039673966","https://openalex.org/W4293699968","https://openalex.org/W2002351707","https://openalex.org/W2035096001","https://openalex.org/W4312843811","https://openalex.org/W2327035729","https://openalex.org/W2923621274","https://openalex.org/W3112414093","https://openalex.org/W4249048193","https://openalex.org/W2090763504"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"essential":[1],"issue":[2],"for":[3,57],"the":[4,11,14,25,32,44,58,75,82,96],"recognition":[5],"of":[6,13,20,31,47,60,77],"handwritten":[7],"mathematical":[8,27],"formulas":[9],"is":[10,35],"identification":[12,59],"structural":[15,33],"relationships":[16,62],"between":[17],"each":[18],"pairs":[19],"adjacent":[21],"symbols":[22],"that":[23,119],"compose":[24],"entire":[26],"formula.":[28],"The":[29],"classification":[30,41],"relationship":[34,83],"a":[36,55,68,103],"key":[37],"problem":[38],"as":[39],"this":[40,51],"often":[42],"determines":[43],"semantic":[45],"interpretation":[46],"an":[48],"expression.":[49],"In":[50,99],"work,":[52],"we":[53,80],"propose":[54],"system":[56],"spatial":[61,72],"based":[63],"on":[64],"geometric":[65],"features":[66,121],"and":[67,112],"new":[69],"descriptor":[70],"named":[71],"histogram.":[73],"After":[74],"combination":[76],"extracted":[78],"features,":[79],"classify":[81],"into":[84],"six":[85],"different":[86,90],"classes":[87],"using":[88],"four":[89],"classifiers":[91],"in":[92],"order":[93],"to":[94],"determine":[95],"most":[97],"efficient.":[98],"our":[100,120],"proposed":[101],"system,":[102],"support":[104],"vector":[105],"machine":[106],"(SVM)":[107],"classifier,":[108],"Random":[109],"Forest,":[110],"Adaboost":[111],"KNN":[113],"are":[114],"employed.":[115],"Experimental":[116],"results":[117],"show":[118],"give":[122],"promising":[123],"results.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}