{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388820631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014","title":"A Logic Encryption-Enhanced PUF Architecture to Deceive Machine Learning-Based Modeling Attacks","display_name":"A Logic Encryption-Enhanced PUF Architecture to Deceive Machine Learning-Based Modeling Attacks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388820631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101378000","display_name":"Lirong Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lirong Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100607461","display_name":"Junjun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3424-5191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061620697","display_name":"Zhao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7385-032X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100304496","display_name":"Lu Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418247","display_name":"Quan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6913-8604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100766359","display_name":"Jinhui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-5099"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinhui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083468959","display_name":"Bo Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-9560"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101378000"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16944095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9811000227928162,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-unclonable-function","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","score":0.791713535785675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7738428115844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.6690493822097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5487422347068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obfuscation","display_name":"Obfuscation","score":0.5062341094017029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.5032746195793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.47440361976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4579654037952423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.4275040924549103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.4137410819530487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3778408169746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.3309045732021332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13212040066719055}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8643368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4046262","display_name":"Physical unclonable function","level":3,"score":0.791713535785675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7738428115844727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.6690493822097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5487422347068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.5062341094017029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.5032746195793152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.47440361976623535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4579654037952423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.4275040924549103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.4137410819530487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3778408169746399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.3309045732021332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13212040066719055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10318014","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1166193582","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61972302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2768774533","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"XJS220306","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054288246","https://openalex.org/W2083471987","https://openalex.org/W2151759197","https://openalex.org/W2794724574","https://openalex.org/W2980530771","https://openalex.org/W3004701879","https://openalex.org/W3025243559","https://openalex.org/W3177061203","https://openalex.org/W3200242138","https://openalex.org/W4200515745","https://openalex.org/W4210911180","https://openalex.org/W4213154546","https://openalex.org/W4233101919","https://openalex.org/W4285612806","https://openalex.org/W4286377434","https://openalex.org/W4292069099","https://openalex.org/W4296558705","https://openalex.org/W4308479839","https://openalex.org/W4385611204","https://openalex.org/W6676995458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3209932692","https://openalex.org/W4286377434","https://openalex.org/W2976888033","https://openalex.org/W2150843699","https://openalex.org/W4387129757","https://openalex.org/W2906312651","https://openalex.org/W2971718024","https://openalex.org/W2526756620","https://openalex.org/W2898201669","https://openalex.org/W4280526795"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"a":[1,37,42,94,129,140],"low-cost":[2],"hardware":[3],"security":[4],"primitive,":[5],"physically":[6],"unclonable":[7],"function":[8,118],"(PDF)":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11,68],"widely":[12],"utilized":[13],"in":[14,128],"secure":[15],"key":[16,181],"generation":[17],"and":[18,31,84,89],"identity":[19],"authentication":[20],"of":[21,28,45,72,79,119,132,143],"physical":[22],"devices":[23],"due":[24],"to":[25,54,101,115,154,194],"the":[26,76,117,125,148,163,175,199],"advantages":[27],"high":[29],"reliability":[30],"randomness.":[32],"However,":[33,70],"hackers":[34,136],"can":[35,137,182],"model":[36,155],"PDF":[38,97,107,121,156,166,177,200],"circuit":[39],"by":[40,81],"collecting":[41],"small":[43],"number":[44,131,142],"challenge-":[46],"response":[47],"pairs":[48],"(CRPs),":[49],"making":[50,151],"it":[51,152],"potentially":[52],"vulnerable":[53],"machine":[55],"learning":[56],"(ML)":[57],"attacks.":[58],"To":[59],"effectively":[60,183],"resist":[61,102,184],"this":[62],"risk,":[63],"various":[64,185],"ML-resistance":[65],"methods":[66],"have":[67,161],"proposed.":[69],"most":[71],"them":[73],"mainly":[74],"enhance":[75],"anti-attack":[77],"ability":[78],"PDFs":[80],"structure":[82],"nonlinear":[83],"CRP":[85],"obfuscation,":[86],"reducing":[87],"stability":[88],"reliability.":[90],"Therefore,":[91],"we":[92],"present":[93],"logic":[95,110],"encryption-enhanced":[96],"(LEE":[98],"PDF)":[99],"architecture":[100],"ML-based":[103],"attacks":[104],"without":[105,146],"affecting":[106],"performance.":[108],"A":[109],"encryption":[111],"unit":[112],"is":[113,192],"applied":[114],"protect":[116],"original":[120],"circuits,":[122],"thus":[123],"concealing":[124],"valid":[126],"CRPs":[127,145],"large":[130],"useless":[133],"ones.":[134],"Since":[135],"only":[138,179],"obtain":[139],"sparse":[141],"useful":[144],"knowing":[147],"correct":[149],"key,":[150],"impossible":[153],"using":[157],"ML":[158],"methods.":[159],"We":[160],"implemented":[162],"proposed":[164],"LEE":[165,176],"on":[167],"FPGA":[168],"micro-boards.":[169],"The":[170],"experimental":[171],"results":[172],"demonstrate":[173],"that":[174],"with":[178],"2-bit":[180],"ML-":[186],"based":[187],"attacks,":[188],"average":[189],"prediction":[190],"rate":[191],"close":[193],"50":[195],"%.":[196],"In":[197],"addition,":[198],"performance":[201],"remains":[202],"almost":[203],"constant.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-25T23:11:45.687758","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}