{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388820743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947","title":"ClearLock: Deterring Hardware Reverse Engineering Attacks in a White-Box","display_name":"ClearLock: Deterring Hardware Reverse Engineering Attacks in a White-Box","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388820743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083335964","display_name":"Leon Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5156-5210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leon Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego, La Jolla,California,U.S.A","University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego, La Jolla,California,U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006811625","display_name":"Alex Orailo\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6104-3923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Orailoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California,San Diego, La Jolla,California,U.S.A","University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California,San Diego, La Jolla,California,U.S.A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, U.S.A","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083335964"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6151,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.64824121,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9555000066757202,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reverse-engineering","display_name":"Reverse engineering","score":0.925221860408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obfuscation","display_name":"Obfuscation","score":0.922540009021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7646815776824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/netlist","display_name":"Netlist","score":0.6510245203971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5261261463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.5112078189849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.4636595845222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4569578170776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.44893866777420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.4471573233604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/s-box","display_name":"S-box","score":0.4163157045841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.36866849660873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14146003127098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-cipher","display_name":"Block cipher","score":0.13679960370063782}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207850805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269608","display_name":"Reverse engineering","level":2,"score":0.925221860408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40305131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2616305","display_name":"Obfuscation","level":2,"score":0.922540009021759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7646815776824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177650935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1760303","display_name":"Netlist","level":2,"score":0.6510245203971863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5261261463165283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.5112078189849854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.4636595845222473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4569578170776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.44893866777420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.4471573233604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45737032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748364","display_name":"S-box","level":4,"score":0.4163157045841217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.36866849660873413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14146003127098083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106544461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q543151","display_name":"Block cipher","level":3,"score":0.13679960370063782}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ats59501.2023.10317947","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 32nd Asian Test Symposium (ATS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524250393","https://openalex.org/W1980613330","https://openalex.org/W2049904515","https://openalex.org/W2063615695","https://openalex.org/W2091656296","https://openalex.org/W2135211381","https://openalex.org/W2293426816","https://openalex.org/W2757400610","https://openalex.org/W2766393343","https://openalex.org/W2945557633","https://openalex.org/W2970802294","https://openalex.org/W2981041890","https://openalex.org/W3131131091","https://openalex.org/W3140586337","https://openalex.org/W3184539538","https://openalex.org/W3188573581","https://openalex.org/W4229759008","https://openalex.org/W4239678802","https://openalex.org/W4241796282","https://openalex.org/W4299309341","https://openalex.org/W4379115682","https://openalex.org/W6767616302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2913519194","https://openalex.org/W2007287520","https://openalex.org/W4287023151","https://openalex.org/W4362634109","https://openalex.org/W2293426816","https://openalex.org/W2055981842","https://openalex.org/W4388820743","https://openalex.org/W2793135307","https://openalex.org/W3193821359","https://openalex.org/W3202607186"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Logic":[0],"obfuscation":[1,65,115,137],"is":[2,50],"a":[3,37,56,61],"popular":[4],"method":[5,39],"for":[6,77],"safeguarding":[7],"semiconductor":[8],"intellectual":[9],"properties":[10],"from":[11],"reverse":[12,43,97,103],"engineering":[13,44,98,104],"threats.":[14],"As":[15],"key":[16,28],"recovery":[17],"attacks":[18],"continue":[19],"to":[20,40,80,106,122],"advance,":[21],"the":[22,48,82,102,134],"once":[23],"widely":[24],"accepted":[25],"notion":[26],"of":[27,55,133],"secrecy":[29],"has":[30],"become":[31],"increasingly":[32],"untenable.":[33],"This":[34],"research":[35],"proposes":[36],"novel":[38],"thwart":[41],"effective":[42],"methods":[45],"even":[46],"when":[47],"attacker":[49,105],"armed":[51],"with":[52],"complete":[53],"control":[54],"fully-functional":[57],"netlist,":[58],"i.e.,":[59],"in":[60],"white-box.":[62],"The":[63,92,114,129],"proposed":[64,135],"technique":[66],"derives":[67],"mutating":[68,93],"secrets":[69,94],"through":[70,141],"setting":[71],"up":[72],"an":[73,111],"inherently":[74],"hard":[75],"problem":[76],"sequential":[78,108],"designs":[79],"lock":[81],"netlist":[83],"at":[84,90,110],"design":[85,119],"time":[86],"and":[87,131],"perform":[88],"self-activation":[89],"runtime.":[91],"render":[95],"any":[96],"shortcuts":[99],"ineffective,":[100],"condemning":[101],"full":[107],"analysis":[109],"intimidating":[112],"complexity.":[113],"procedure":[116],"incorporates":[117],"four":[118],"transformation":[120],"techniques":[121],"ensure":[123],"secure":[124],"activation":[125],"while":[126],"minimizing":[127],"overhead.":[128],"practicality":[130],"security":[132],"white-box":[136],"solution":[138],"are":[139],"validated":[140],"experiments":[142],"on":[143],"MCNC":[144],"benchmarks.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
