{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2020859426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","title":"A 103 pJ/bit multi-channel reconfigurable GMSK/PSK/16-QAM transmitter with band-shaping","display_name":"A 103 pJ/bit multi-channel reconfigurable GMSK/PSK/16-QAM transmitter with band-shaping","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2020859426","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","mag":"2020859426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091779512","display_name":"Xiayun Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiayun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044757762","display_name":"Teng Kok Hin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng Kok Hin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073001289","display_name":"Chun-Huat Heng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-8403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Huat Heng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075642035","display_name":"Yuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0832-2982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091727134","display_name":"Wei-Da Toh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Da Toh","raw_affiliation_strings":["A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"San-Jeow Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"San-Jeow Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023245534","display_name":"Minkyu Je","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4580-2771"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210090209","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/009rw8n36","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minkyu Je","raw_affiliation_strings":["A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Institute of Microelectronics, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I4210090209"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) (Singapore)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2776,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82548107,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"269","last_page":"272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minimum-shift-keying","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","score":0.7961926460266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature-amplitude-modulation","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","score":0.7445611357688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.5667588710784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5483782887458801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qam","display_name":"QAM","score":0.5432847738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.5183071494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.49707773327827454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.47917190194129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.46852418780326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.44919466972351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.4215664863586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3276306986808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3133291006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3052526116371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.29064276814460754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2592657506465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2527981400489807}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55857970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4156818","display_name":"Minimum-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.7961926460266113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32409245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749753","display_name":"Quadrature amplitude modulation","level":4,"score":0.7445611357688904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.5667588710784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5483782887458801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59030546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7265371","display_name":"QAM","level":5,"score":0.5432847738265991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.5183071494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.49707773327827454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47917190194129944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.46852418780326843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.44919466972351074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.4215664863586426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3276306986808777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3133291006088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3052526116371155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.29064276814460754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2592657506465912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2527981400489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asscc.2014.7008912","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Asian Solid-State Circuits Conference (A-SSCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988716603","https://openalex.org/W2059478839","https://openalex.org/W2069908882","https://openalex.org/W2080072424","https://openalex.org/W2122867694","https://openalex.org/W2140596192","https://openalex.org/W2153417561","https://openalex.org/W6665121766","https://openalex.org/W6668246282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390873927","https://openalex.org/W2159438609","https://openalex.org/W2900995485","https://openalex.org/W2147334234","https://openalex.org/W3196902411","https://openalex.org/W2139936226","https://openalex.org/W1970526599","https://openalex.org/W3026565890","https://openalex.org/W2064534496","https://openalex.org/W2127747979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"401~406MHz":[1],"GMSK/PSK/16-QAM":[2],"TX":[3,50,74],"with":[4,25,67],"band-shaping":[5,63],"is":[6],"realized":[7],"in":[8],"65nm":[9],"CMOS":[10],"occupying":[11],"area":[12],"of":[13,39,69,78],"0.4mm":[14],"<sup":[15],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[16],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[17],".":[18],"Coupled":[19],"DLL":[20],"based":[21],"phase":[22,40],"interpolated":[23],"synthesizer":[24],"injection-locked":[26],"ring":[27],"oscillator,":[28],"we":[29],"achieve":[30],"frequency":[31],"tuning":[32],"and":[33],"multi-phase":[34],"output":[35],"without":[36],"any":[37],"need":[38],"calibration.":[41],"Through":[42],"direct":[43],"quadrature":[44],"modulation":[45],"at":[46],"digital":[47],"PA,":[48],"the":[49,73],"achieves":[51,75],"less":[52],"than":[53],"6%":[54],"EVM":[55],"for":[56],"data":[57],"rate":[58],"up":[59],"to":[60],"12.5Mb/s.":[61],"The":[62],"maximizes":[64],"spectral":[65],"efficiency":[66,77],"ACPR":[68],"-33dB.":[70],"Consuming":[71],"2.57mW,":[72],"energy":[76],"103pJ/bit.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}