{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3201466431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","title":"X-SHOT: Learning to Rank Voice Applications Via Cross-Locale Shard-Based Co-Training","display_name":"X-SHOT: Learning to Rank Voice Applications Via Cross-Locale Shard-Based Co-Training","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3201466431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","mag":"3201466431"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606113","display_name":"2021 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101631994","display_name":"Zheng Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5541-8840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110783444","display_name":"Mohamed AbdelHady","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2422-0484"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed AbdelHady","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068900412","display_name":"Radhika Arava","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Radhika Arava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067794533","display_name":"Xibin Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6644-2640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xibin Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101894695","display_name":"Qian Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4793-480X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101703681","display_name":"Xiao Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6258-6129"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111555897","display_name":"Thahir Mohamed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311688040","display_name":"Amazon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04mv4n011","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thahir Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Amazon Alexa AI,Seattle,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101631994"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311688040"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09310151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"845","last_page":"852"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/locale","display_name":"Locale (computer software)","score":0.717987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.6476465463638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5131281018257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.4792173504829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.16101688146591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.1279720962047577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09175333380699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.07583844661712646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776049293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1202471","display_name":"Locale (computer software)","level":2,"score":0.717987060546875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.6476465463638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5131281018257141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.4792173504829407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.16101688146591187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.1279720962047577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09175333380699158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.07583844661712646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru51503.2021.9688187","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363606113","display_name":"2021 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:3201466431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://assets.amazon.science/fa/36/e6011953433a9903aadedcd39034/x-shot-learning-to-rank-voice-applications-via-cross-locale-shard-based-co-training.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W966218981","https://openalex.org/W1981159181","https://openalex.org/W2004672974","https://openalex.org/W2507587187","https://openalex.org/W2593864460","https://openalex.org/W2605350416","https://openalex.org/W2808264691","https://openalex.org/W2891602716","https://openalex.org/W2899867782","https://openalex.org/W2962715022","https://openalex.org/W2962784628","https://openalex.org/W2962804657","https://openalex.org/W2962910139","https://openalex.org/W2963308086","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963424663","https://openalex.org/W2971327614","https://openalex.org/W2996988779","https://openalex.org/W2997420347","https://openalex.org/W3009703289","https://openalex.org/W3034356833","https://openalex.org/W3036320503","https://openalex.org/W3101215053","https://openalex.org/W3103065189","https://openalex.org/W3104756683","https://openalex.org/W6640362995","https://openalex.org/W6734897383","https://openalex.org/W6746138342","https://openalex.org/W6752966754","https://openalex.org/W6754579393","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6784617463","https://openalex.org/W6798515735"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0],"assistants":[1],"such":[2],"as":[3],"Google":[4],"Assistant":[5],"and":[6,20,142],"Amazon":[7],"Alexa":[8],"host":[9],"thousands":[10],"of":[11,23,29,148],"voice":[12],"applications":[13],"(skills)":[14],"that":[15,95],"han-dle":[16],"a":[17,52,89,107,114],"very":[18],"large":[19],"diverse":[21],"array":[22],"customer":[24,48],"utterances.":[25],"However,":[26],"the":[27,44,128,133,146],"number":[28],"supported":[30],"skills":[31,105,138,150],"may":[32,55],"be":[33,56,121],"much":[34],"lower":[35],"in":[36,40,51,59,106,113,127,139],"some":[37],"locales,":[38],"particularly":[39],"countries":[41],"other":[42,140],"than":[43],"United":[45],"States.":[46],"Accordingly,":[47],"utterances":[49,79,112],"handled":[50],"popular":[53],"locale":[54,109,130],"going":[57],"unclaimed":[58,111],"another":[60],"locale.":[61,116],"Moreover,":[62],"locales":[63,141],"with":[64],"smaller":[65],"skill":[66,125],"ecosystems":[67],"also":[68],"suffer":[69],"from":[70],"lim-ited":[71],"labeled":[72],"data":[73],"for":[74,110,136],"training":[75],"systems":[76],"to":[77,80,102,131,144],"route":[78],"skills.":[81],"To":[82],"tackle":[83],"these":[84],"aforementioned":[85],"challenges,":[86],"we":[87],"propose":[88],"Cross-locale":[90],"SHard-based":[91],"cO-Training":[92],"model":[93],"(X-SHOT)":[94],"uses":[96],"an":[97],"iterative":[98],"label":[99],"augmentation":[100],"approach":[101],"retrieve":[103],"relevant":[104],"source":[108,129],"target":[115],"The":[117],"obtained":[118],"results":[119],"could":[120],"further":[122],"used":[123],"by":[124],"developers":[126],"gauge":[132],"latent":[134],"de-mand":[135],"their":[137,149],"therefore":[143],"prioritize":[145],"internationalization":[147],"accordingly.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}