{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3007919640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","title":"Incremental Lattice Determinization for WFST Decoders","display_name":"Incremental Lattice Determinization for WFST Decoders","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3007919640","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","mag":"3007919640"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498489","display_name":"2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002433660","display_name":"Zhehuai Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4400-5340"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhehuai Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SpeechLab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SpeechLab, Shanghai Jiao Tong University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067578148","display_name":"Mahsa Yarmohammadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098364","display_name":"Institute for Language and Speech Processing","ror":"https://ror.org/00z24kr14","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098364"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahsa Yarmohammadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Language and Speech Processing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Language and Speech Processing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034399968","display_name":"Hainan Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098364","display_name":"Institute for Language and Speech Processing","ror":"https://ror.org/00z24kr14","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098364"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hainan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Language and Speech Processing"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Language and Speech Processing","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100751610","display_name":"Hang Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3761-1684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99418890","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wn69s11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99418890"]}],"countries":["CA","CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hang Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASLP@NPU, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASLP@NPU, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004","https://openalex.org/I2802805919","https://openalex.org/I99418890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100668966","display_name":"Lei Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-0823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802805919","display_name":"Science North","ror":"https://ror.org/028k36c88","country_code":"CA","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802805919"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99418890","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05wn69s11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99418890"]}],"countries":["CA","CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["ASLP@NPU, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ASLP@NPU, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004","https://openalex.org/I2802805919","https://openalex.org/I99418890"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084286453","display_name":"Daniel Povey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0611-3634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Povey","raw_affiliation_strings":["HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014580424","display_name":"Sanjeev Khudanpur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5976-0897"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145311948","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University","ror":"https://ror.org/00za53h95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeev Khudanpur","raw_affiliation_strings":["HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HLTCOE, Johns Hopkins University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145311948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.7661380171775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7208265662193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lattice","display_name":"Lattice (music)","score":0.6721116900444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.441150039434433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4372984766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.42257165908813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3445287346839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3251456618309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15467077493667603}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.7661380171775818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7208265662193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781204021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6497091","display_name":"Lattice (music)","level":2,"score":0.6721116900444031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.441150039434433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4372984766960144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.42257165908813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3445287346839905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3251456618309021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15467077493667603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru46091.2019.9004006","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306498489","display_name":"2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding Workshop (ASRU)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88081813","https://openalex.org/W158407117","https://openalex.org/W181370797","https://openalex.org/W1494198834","https://openalex.org/W1517151802","https://openalex.org/W1524333225","https://openalex.org/W1552185717","https://openalex.org/W1629199664","https://openalex.org/W1631260214","https://openalex.org/W1884028435","https://openalex.org/W2021568158","https://openalex.org/W2090556314","https://openalex.org/W2108413366","https://openalex.org/W2132991150","https://openalex.org/W2143658255","https://openalex.org/W2251348555","https://openalex.org/W2408623794","https://openalex.org/W2504842050","https://openalex.org/W2514741789","https://openalex.org/W2548332580","https://openalex.org/W2729190387","https://openalex.org/W2772028198","https://openalex.org/W2963380677","https://openalex.org/W6606465599","https://openalex.org/W6631362777","https://openalex.org/W6633086894","https://openalex.org/W6636811518","https://openalex.org/W6726109732"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2529301793","https://openalex.org/W2384121599","https://openalex.org/W2038083449","https://openalex.org/W3177678247","https://openalex.org/W1999617572","https://openalex.org/W2944572343","https://openalex.org/W2333799855","https://openalex.org/W2351687372","https://openalex.org/W2004087835","https://openalex.org/W2296205523"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"introduce":[1],"a":[2,12,19,33,63,71,75,79],"lattice":[3,14,35,46,65,73],"determinization":[4,76,84,107],"algorithm":[5,77,85],"that":[6],"can":[7,15,31],"operate":[8],"incrementally.":[9],"That":[10],"is,":[11],"word-level":[13,34,72,89],"be":[16],"generated":[17],"for":[18,36,51],"partial":[20],"utterance":[21,39],"and":[22,66,100],"then,":[23],"once":[24],"we":[25,30],"have":[26],"processed":[27],"more":[28],"audio,":[29],"obtain":[32],"the":[37,43,95,98,103,109,112],"extended":[38],"without":[40],"redoing":[41],"all":[42],"work":[44],"of":[45,97,111],"determinization.":[47],"This":[48],"is":[49,86],"relevant":[50],"ASR":[52],"decoders":[53],"such":[54],"as":[55],"those":[56],"used":[57],"in":[58,78],"Kaldi,":[59],"which":[60],"first":[61],"generate":[62],"state-level":[64],"then":[67],"convert":[68],"it":[69],"to":[70,94,106],"using":[74],"special":[80],"semiring.":[81],"Our":[82],"incremental":[83],"useful":[87],"when":[88],"lattices":[90],"are":[91],"needed":[92],"prior":[93],"end":[96,110],"utterance,":[99],"also":[101],"reduces":[102],"latency":[104],"due":[105],"at":[108],"utterance.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
