{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1987563958","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","title":"Discriminative semi-supervised training for keyword search in low resource languages","display_name":"Discriminative semi-supervised training for keyword search in low resource languages","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1987563958","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","mag":"1987563958"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033764781","display_name":"Roger Hsiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8638-4508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roger Hsiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110640042","display_name":"Tim Ng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tim Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112655592","display_name":"Franti\u0161ek Gr\u00e9zl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60587646","display_name":"Brno University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03613d656","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frantisek Grezl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Speech@FIT, IT4I Center of Excellence, Czech Republic","Speech@FIT & IT4I Center of Excellence, Brno Univ. of Technol., Brno, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech@FIT, IT4I Center of Excellence, Czech Republic","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Speech@FIT & IT4I Center of Excellence, Brno Univ. of Technol., Brno, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60587646"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054865609","display_name":"Damianos Karakos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Damianos Karakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073006801","display_name":"Stavros Tsakalidis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stavros Tsakalidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048517713","display_name":"Long Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0884-1635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Long Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089653752","display_name":"Richard Schwartz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-624X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306686416","display_name":"RTX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/0354t7b78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Schwartz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technologies, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raytheon BBN Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306686416"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"440","last_page":"445"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8449256420135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.7270897626876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6797824501991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.640749990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word-error-rate","display_name":"Word error rate","score":0.6191079020500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5943257212638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceptron","display_name":"Perceptron","score":0.46765416860580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suite","display_name":"Suite","score":0.45914527773857117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.45090004801750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weighting","display_name":"Weighting","score":0.42827051877975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semi-supervised-learning","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","score":0.42383038997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4159787893295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.40900203585624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.15018975734710693}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8449256420135498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.7270897626876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6797824501991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.640749990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40969351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3516228","display_name":"Word error rate","level":2,"score":0.6191079020500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5943257212638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60908668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690207","display_name":"Perceptron","level":3,"score":0.46765416860580444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79581498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1367530","display_name":"Suite","level":2,"score":0.45914527773857117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.45090004801750183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183115368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856577","display_name":"Weighting","level":2,"score":0.42827051877975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58973888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1041418","display_name":"Semi-supervised learning","level":2,"score":0.42383038997650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4159787893295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.40900203585624695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.15018975734710693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707770","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338295","display_name":"Army Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/011hc8f90"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43454013","https://openalex.org/W82886505","https://openalex.org/W1965842648","https://openalex.org/W1975954951","https://openalex.org/W2052274902","https://openalex.org/W2056786202","https://openalex.org/W2125234026","https://openalex.org/W2139453310","https://openalex.org/W2139698650","https://openalex.org/W2146049072","https://openalex.org/W2150907703","https://openalex.org/W2294759826","https://openalex.org/W2398569491","https://openalex.org/W2402812546","https://openalex.org/W2403186097","https://openalex.org/W2406451296","https://openalex.org/W3149335959"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2108932455","https://openalex.org/W2390197506","https://openalex.org/W1586607209","https://openalex.org/W122912556","https://openalex.org/W4312414840","https://openalex.org/W2621411691","https://openalex.org/W2377847981","https://openalex.org/W2271357838","https://openalex.org/W2556866732","https://openalex.org/W2328989934"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,89],"this":[1,58,90],"paper,":[2,91],"we":[3,31,92],"investigate":[4],"semi-supervised":[5,33,54,73],"training":[6,41],"for":[7,67,85],"low":[8],"resource":[9],"languages":[10],"where":[11],"the":[12,27,63,68,76,80,86,97],"initial":[13],"systems":[14],"may":[15],"have":[16],"high":[17],"error":[18],"rate":[19],"(\u2265":[20],"70.0%":[21],"word":[22],"eror":[23],"rate).":[24],"To":[25],"handle":[26],"lack":[28],"of":[29,53],"data,":[30],"study":[32],"techniques":[34],"including":[35],"data":[36,38],"selection,":[37],"weighting,":[39],"discriminative":[40],"and":[42,99],"multilayer":[43],"perceptron":[44],"learning":[45],"to":[46],"improve":[47],"system":[48,74],"performance.":[49],"The":[50],"entire":[51],"suite":[52],"methods":[55],"presented":[56],"in":[57,79],"paper":[59],"was":[60],"evaluated":[61],"under":[62],"IARPA":[64],"Babel":[65],"program":[66],"keyword":[69],"spotting":[70],"tasks.":[71],"Our":[72],"had":[75],"best":[77],"performance":[78],"OpenKWS13":[81],"surprise":[82],"language":[83],"evaluation":[84],"limited":[87],"condition.":[88],"describe":[93],"our":[94],"work":[95],"on":[96],"Turkish":[98],"Vietnamese":[100],"systems.":[101]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}