{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968419113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","title":"Deep maxout neural networks for speech recognition","display_name":"Deep maxout neural networks for speech recognition","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968419113","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","mag":"1968419113"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052057753","display_name":"Meng Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meng Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087555284","display_name":"Yongzhe Shi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongzhe Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409741","display_name":"Jia Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. Eng., TsingHua Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052057753"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.4651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":75,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98689905,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigmoid-function","display_name":"Sigmoid function","score":0.8335115909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7623857259750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.6207345724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5993143320083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","score":0.579525887966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5685142874717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5468116402626038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.47189009189605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.42482790350914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.42012137174606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.4191122353076935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40149301290512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10082069039344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09439912438392639}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81388566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q526668","display_name":"Sigmoid function","level":3,"score":0.8335115909576416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7623857259750366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.6207345724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5993143320083618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776145597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339462","display_name":"Dropout (neural networks)","level":2,"score":0.579525887966156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5685142874717712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5468116402626038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.47189009189605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.42482790350914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.42012137174606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.4191122353076935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40149301290512085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10082069039344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09439912438392639},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2013.6707745","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition and Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323175","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al","ror":"https://ror.org/0161xgx34"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137106866","https://openalex.org/W1665214252","https://openalex.org/W1904365287","https://openalex.org/W1981936647","https://openalex.org/W1993882792","https://openalex.org/W2035424729","https://openalex.org/W2063689849","https://openalex.org/W2085377355","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2136922672","https://openalex.org/W2144792281","https://openalex.org/W2147768505","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2160306971","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2172097686","https://openalex.org/W2294059674","https://openalex.org/W2394932179","https://openalex.org/W6605498254","https://openalex.org/W6637242042","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6696761078"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4385957115","https://openalex.org/W2061372042","https://openalex.org/W3047779762","https://openalex.org/W1520030019","https://openalex.org/W2071654592","https://openalex.org/W3104477175","https://openalex.org/W2088157920","https://openalex.org/W4283785902","https://openalex.org/W4313324256","https://openalex.org/W2019022049"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"recently":[1],"introduced":[2],"type":[3],"of":[4,39,62,138],"neural":[5],"network":[6],"called":[7],"maxout":[8,22,30,67,94,116,133],"has":[9,55],"worked":[10],"well":[11],"in":[12,26],"many":[13],"domains.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"paper,":[17],"we":[18],"propose":[19],"to":[20,50,58,69,103,123],"apply":[21,66],"for":[23],"acoustic":[24],"models":[25],"speech":[27],"recognition.":[28],"The":[29],"neuron":[31],"picks":[32],"the":[33,51,56,70,77],"maximum":[34],"value":[35],"within":[36],"a":[37,48,81,86],"group":[38],"linear":[40,107,142],"pieces":[41],"as":[42],"its":[43],"activation.":[44],"This":[45],"nonlinearity":[46,53],"is":[47],"generalization":[49],"rectified":[52,106,141],"and":[54,75,85,100,109,120,144],"ability":[57],"approximate":[59],"any":[60],"form":[61],"activation":[63],"functions.":[64],"We":[65],"networks":[68,95,108,117,134,143,148],"Switchboard":[71],"phone-call":[72],"transcription":[73],"task":[74],"evaluate":[76],"performances":[78],"under":[79],"both":[80,131],"24-hour":[82],"low-resource":[83],"condition":[84],"300-hour":[87],"core":[88],"condition.":[89],"Experimental":[90],"results":[91,126],"demonstrate":[92],"that":[93,115],"converge":[96],"faster,":[97],"generalize":[98],"better":[99],"are":[101,121],"easier":[102],"optimize":[104],"than":[105],"sigmoid":[110,147],"networks.":[111],"Furthermore,":[112],"experiments":[113],"show":[114],"reduce":[118],"underfitting":[119],"able":[122],"achieve":[124],"good":[125],"without":[127],"dropout":[128],"training.":[129],"Under":[130],"conditions,":[132],"yield":[135],"relative":[136],"improvements":[137],"1.1-5.1%":[139],"over":[140,146],"2.6-14.5%":[145],"on":[149],"benchmark":[150],"test":[151],"sets.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-01-28T23:14:49.684275","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
