{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160792936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","title":"Spoken term detection from bilingual spontaneous speech using code-switched lattice-based structures for words and subword units","display_name":"Spoken term detection from bilingual spontaneous speech using code-switched lattice-based structures for words and subword units","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160792936","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","mag":"2160792936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition & Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040508737","display_name":"Hung-yi Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-5747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hung-Yi Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057759044","display_name":"Yueh-Lien Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yueh-Lien Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032401314","display_name":"Hao Hao Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044010123","display_name":"Lin-shan Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16733864","display_name":"National Taiwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bqach95","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lin-Shan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Graduate Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Graduate Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040508737"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16733864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8724,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81495914,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"410","last_page":"415"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8344205617904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-switching","display_name":"Code-switching","score":0.6093302965164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5899883508682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5749422907829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5023939609527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.48528143763542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/word","display_name":"Word (group theory)","score":0.4734465777873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4173584580421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.21876534819602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.20487144589424133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8344205617904663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18552078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q255615","display_name":"Code-switching","level":2,"score":0.6093302965164185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5899883508682251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5749422907829285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5023939609527588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.48528143763542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90805587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10944557","display_name":"Word (group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4734465777873993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4173584580421448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.21876534819602966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.20487144589424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asru.2009.5372901","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE Workshop on Automatic Speech Recognition & Understanding","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52233812","https://openalex.org/W64290885","https://openalex.org/W114193738","https://openalex.org/W183136171","https://openalex.org/W280462704","https://openalex.org/W1573714593","https://openalex.org/W1591237756","https://openalex.org/W1996034123","https://openalex.org/W2002890640","https://openalex.org/W2076471919","https://openalex.org/W2110034858","https://openalex.org/W2117169652","https://openalex.org/W2118821859","https://openalex.org/W2122739968","https://openalex.org/W2140281218","https://openalex.org/W2142986430","https://openalex.org/W2145565887","https://openalex.org/W2167556823","https://openalex.org/W2169384404","https://openalex.org/W2594610113","https://openalex.org/W6602155318","https://openalex.org/W6602624163","https://openalex.org/W6604666349","https://openalex.org/W6634457518","https://openalex.org/W6635391832","https://openalex.org/W6651164648","https://openalex.org/W6684666846","https://openalex.org/W6684930139"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771594921","https://openalex.org/W2432897346","https://openalex.org/W2181336723","https://openalex.org/W4389976243","https://openalex.org/W3158134258","https://openalex.org/W3138119129","https://openalex.org/W2940588741","https://openalex.org/W2293063924","https://openalex.org/W2974240475","https://openalex.org/W4388441038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,29,34,40,72,77,84,91],"first":[4],"work":[5],"known":[6],"publicly":[7],"on":[8],"spoken":[9],"term":[10],"detection":[11],"from":[12],"bilingual":[13],"spontaneous":[14],"speech":[15],"using":[16,80],"code-switched":[17,95],"lattice-based":[18,96],"structures":[19,97],"for":[20,44,87,98,103],"word":[21,81],"and":[22,37,61,89],"subword":[23,85,99],"units.":[24],"The":[25,53],"corpus":[26],"used":[27,102],"is":[28],"lectures":[30],"with":[31],"Chinese":[32],"as":[33,39,83],"host":[35],"language":[36,42],"English":[38],"guest":[41],"recorded":[43],"a":[45,64],"real":[46,65],"course":[47],"offered":[48],"in":[49,63],"National":[50],"Taiwan":[51],"University.":[52],"techniques":[54],"reported":[55],"here":[56],"have":[57],"been":[58],"successfully":[59],"implemented":[60],"tested":[62],"lecture":[66],"system":[67],"now":[68],"available":[69],"on-line":[70],"over":[71],"Internet.":[73],"We":[74],"also":[75],"present":[76],"approaches":[78],"of":[79,107],"fragment":[82],"unit":[86],"English,":[88],"analyse":[90],"difficult":[92],"issues":[93],"when":[94],"units":[100],"are":[101],"tasks":[104],"involving":[105],"languages":[106],"quite":[108],"different":[109],"natures.":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}