{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2588014878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","title":"A novel data format for approximate arithmetic computing","display_name":"A novel data format for approximate arithmetic computing","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2588014878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","mag":"2588014878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 22nd Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011007474","display_name":"Mingze Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2064-3452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingze Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100422786","display_name":"Qian Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-384X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022359395","display_name":"Akshaya S Kankanhalli Nagendra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akshaya S Kankanhalli Nagendra","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, US"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012474783","display_name":"Gang Qu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6759-8949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gang Qu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Institute of Systems Research, University of Maryland, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"390","last_page":"395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operand","display_name":"Operand","score":0.8523286581039429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7786048650741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.6072256565093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5757308006286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.49581918120384216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.4689613878726959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.44907668232917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-computing","display_name":"Optical computing","score":0.4316714406013489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.399433434009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.39477548003196716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3602485656738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.33250004053115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.23265525698661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14846989512443542}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55526617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719375","display_name":"Operand","level":2,"score":0.8523286581039429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7786048650741577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.6072256565093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5757308006286621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.49581918120384216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4689613878726959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.44907668232917786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148204187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176541","display_name":"Optical computing","level":2,"score":0.4316714406013489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.399433434009552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.39477548003196716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3602485656738281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.33250004053115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.23265525698661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14846989512443542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2017.7858354","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 22nd Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579004116","https://openalex.org/W1841592590","https://openalex.org/W1967519200","https://openalex.org/W1999890536","https://openalex.org/W2033224922","https://openalex.org/W2045881697","https://openalex.org/W2076536455","https://openalex.org/W2077212538","https://openalex.org/W2126044301","https://openalex.org/W2135089667","https://openalex.org/W2157399715","https://openalex.org/W2187230075","https://openalex.org/W2244005500","https://openalex.org/W2286365479","https://openalex.org/W2952936791","https://openalex.org/W4234461763","https://openalex.org/W4234974086","https://openalex.org/W4249697915","https://openalex.org/W4250705145","https://openalex.org/W6634717524","https://openalex.org/W6638783484","https://openalex.org/W6669791407","https://openalex.org/W6696004547"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2072220574","https://openalex.org/W4285082868","https://openalex.org/W2162004439","https://openalex.org/W2558076308","https://openalex.org/W4317402486","https://openalex.org/W2120552212","https://openalex.org/W3037505396","https://openalex.org/W4232549588","https://openalex.org/W2037018251","https://openalex.org/W2990605371"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Approximate":[0],"computing":[1,9,93,152],"has":[2],"become":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,14,17,25,29,48,90,100,141],"the":[6,12,15,26,41,83,139],"most":[7],"popular":[8],"paradigms":[10],"in":[11],"era":[13],"Internet":[16],"things":[18],"and":[19,36,61,98,113,133,163],"big":[20],"data.":[21],"It":[22,121],"takes":[23],"advantages":[24],"error-tolerable":[27],"feature":[28],"many":[30],"applications,":[31],"such":[32,81,130],"as":[33,96,131],"machine":[34],"learning":[35],"image/signal":[37],"processing,":[38],"to":[39,44,117,136],"reduce":[40],"resource":[42],"required":[43],"deliver":[45],"certain":[46],"level":[47,128],"computation":[49,71,84],"quality.":[50],"In":[51,73],"this":[52],"paper,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"an":[56],"approximate":[57,142],"integer":[58],"format":[59],"(AIF)":[60],"its":[62],"associated":[63],"arithmetic":[64,111],"operations":[65],"for":[66,109],"energy":[67],"minimization":[68],"with":[69],"controllable":[70],"accuracy.":[72],"AIF,":[74],"operands":[75,91],"are":[76],"segmented":[77],"at":[78],"run":[79],"time":[80],"that":[82,147],"is":[85],"performed":[86],"only":[87],"on":[88],"part":[89],"by":[92],"units":[94],"(such":[95],"adders":[97],"multipliers)":[99],"smaller":[101],"bit-width.":[102],"The":[103],"proposed":[104],"AIF":[105,149],"can":[106,114,122,154],"be":[107,115,124],"used":[108],"any":[110],"operation":[112],"extended":[116],"fixed":[118],"point":[119],"numbers.":[120],"also":[123],"incorporated":[125],"into":[126],"higher":[127],"design":[129],"architectural":[132],"programming":[134],"language":[135],"give":[137],"user":[138],"control":[140],"computing.":[143],"Experimental":[144],"results":[145],"show":[146],"our":[148],"based":[150],"approximation":[151],"approach":[153],"achieve":[155],"high":[156],"accuracy,":[157],"incurs":[158],"very":[159],"little":[160],"additional":[161],"overhead,":[162],"save":[164],"considerable":[165],"energy.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}