{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3150329878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","title":"High performance lithographic hotspot detection using hierarchically refined machine learning","display_name":"High performance lithographic hotspot detection using hierarchically refined machine learning","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3150329878","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","mag":"3150329878"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"16th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC 2011)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110183841","display_name":"Duo Ding","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duo Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111911223","display_name":"Andres J. Torres","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156212","display_name":"Mentor Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/05vewsj04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andres J. Torres","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","Mentor Graphics Corporation, Wilsonville, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mentor Graphics Corporation, Wilsonville, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061711514","display_name":"Fedor G. Pikus","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156212","display_name":"Mentor Technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/05vewsj04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156212"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fedor G. Pikus","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","Mentor Graphics Corporation, Wilsonville, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mentor Graphics Corporation, Wilsonville, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156212"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011883763","display_name":"David Z. Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5705-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Z. Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ECE Department, University of Texas, Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.8185,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97269971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"775","last_page":"780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11338","display_name":"Advancements in Photolithography Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hotspot","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","score":0.8729830980300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lithography","display_name":"Lithography","score":0.6712658405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6635972261428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.5158178210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.470415860414505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upgrade","display_name":"Upgrade","score":0.42893266677856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39269089698791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3655562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3396601378917694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.09681212902069092}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146481406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105131","display_name":"Hotspot (geology)","level":2,"score":0.8729830980300903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204223013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133036","display_name":"Lithography","level":2,"score":0.6712658405303955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6635972261428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.5158178210258484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.470415860414505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419","display_name":"Upgrade","level":2,"score":0.42893266677856445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39269089698791504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3655562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3396601378917694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.09681212902069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aspdac.2011.5722294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"16th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC 2011)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987429233","https://openalex.org/W2008307696","https://openalex.org/W2039117578","https://openalex.org/W2055375155","https://openalex.org/W2082706261","https://openalex.org/W2113125366","https://openalex.org/W2115092649","https://openalex.org/W2115694019","https://openalex.org/W2117532720","https://openalex.org/W2121359873","https://openalex.org/W2125031708","https://openalex.org/W2138275253","https://openalex.org/W2143908786","https://openalex.org/W2169435381","https://openalex.org/W3150640074","https://openalex.org/W4247085725","https://openalex.org/W4297970700","https://openalex.org/W6652407604","https://openalex.org/W6657051623","https://openalex.org/W6664060705","https://openalex.org/W6664233668","https://openalex.org/W6677380243","https://openalex.org/W6680501769"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2345184372","https://openalex.org/W3013515612","https://openalex.org/W2136184105","https://openalex.org/W2187500075","https://openalex.org/W2041399278","https://openalex.org/W2336974148","https://openalex.org/W2056016498","https://openalex.org/W2389470892","https://openalex.org/W4293087713","https://openalex.org/W4205671340"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Under":[0],"real":[1,15,111,159],"and":[2,37,47,69,82,97,117,136],"continuously":[3],"improving":[4],"manufacturing":[5,112,160],"conditions,":[6],"lithography":[7,167],"hotspot":[8,40,63,79,127,149,156],"detection":[9,64,86,128,150,157],"faces":[10],"several":[11],"key":[12],"challenges.":[13],"First,":[14],"hotspots":[16],"become":[17],"less":[18],"but":[19],"harder":[20],"to":[21,34,133,140],"fix":[22],"at":[23],"post-layout":[24],"stages;":[25],"second,":[26],"false":[27,129],"alarm":[28,130],"rate":[29,131],"must":[30],"be":[31],"kept":[32],"low":[33],"avoid":[35],"excessive":[36],"expensive":[38],"post-processing":[39],"removal;":[41],"third,":[42],"full":[43],"chip":[44],"physical":[45,169],"verification":[46],"optimization":[48],"require":[49],"fast":[50],"turn-around":[51],"time.":[52],"To":[53],"address":[54],"these":[55],"issues,":[56],"we":[57],"propose":[58],"a":[59,75,83],"high":[60,70,153],"performance":[61,154],"lithographic":[62,155],"flow":[65,87],"with":[66,88,107],"ultra-fast":[67],"speed":[68],"fidelity.":[71],"It":[72],"consists":[73],"of":[74,78],"novel":[76],"set":[77],"signature":[80],"definitions":[81],"hierarchically":[84],"refined":[85],"powerful":[89],"machine":[90],"learning":[91],"kernels,":[92],"ANN":[93],"(artificial":[94],"neural":[95],"network)":[96],"SVM":[98],"(support":[99],"vector":[100],"machine).":[101],"We":[102],"have":[103],"implemented":[104],"our":[105],"algorithm":[106],"industry-strength":[108],"engine":[109],"under":[110,158],"conditions":[113,161],"in":[114,126],"45nm":[115],"process,":[116],"showed":[118],"that":[119],"it":[120],"significantly":[121],"outperforms":[122],"previous":[123],"state-of-the-art":[124],"algorithms":[125],"(2.4X":[132],"2300X":[134],"reduction)":[135],"simulation":[137],"run-time":[138],"(5X":[139],"237X":[141],"reduction),":[142],"meanwhile":[143],"archiving":[144],"similar":[145],"or":[146],"slightly":[147],"better":[148],"accuracies.":[151],"Such":[152],"is":[162],"especially":[163],"suitable":[164],"for":[165],"guiding":[166],"friendly":[168],"design.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
