{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7134963758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691","title":"TTI: An Instruction Set Supporting Priority-Inversion-Free Time-Triggered Preemptive Scheduling in Real-Time Embedded Systems","display_name":"TTI: An Instruction Set Supporting Priority-Inversion-Free Time-Triggered Preemptive Scheduling in Real-Time Embedded Systems","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7134963758","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 31st Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128789669","display_name":"Yinkang Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinkang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121682792","display_name":"Yixuan Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128798299","display_name":"Bo Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128745224","display_name":"Haoyuan Ren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyuan Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Cheng Tang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I308837","display_name":"Suzhou University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04en8wb91","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I308837"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Software Engineering,Suzhou,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Software Engineering,Suzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I308837"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128790419","display_name":"Xi Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Science and Technology of China,School of Computer Science and Technology,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1035","last_page":"1041"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9514999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9514999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.020999999716877937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-priority-pre-emptive-scheduling","display_name":"Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling","score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preemption","display_name":"Preemption","score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-level-scheduling","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/processor-scheduling","display_name":"Processor scheduling","score":0.3043999969959259}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7067000269889832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.5733000040054321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4950999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.40709999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122141398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5456330","display_name":"Fixed-priority pre-emptive scheduling","level":5,"score":0.40619999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206952183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1193100","display_name":"Preemption","level":2,"score":0.3517000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119948110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858726","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","level":4,"score":0.33880001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984822820","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123036","display_name":"Processor scheduling","level":3,"score":0.3043999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.28619998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2849000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73564150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11417093","display_name":"Instruction scheduling","level":5,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127456818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q238879","display_name":"Rate-monotonic scheduling","level":4,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28472234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213666","display_name":"Real-time operating system","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154488198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335007","display_name":"Embedded software","level":3,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac66049.2026.11420691","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 31st Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W132749934","https://openalex.org/W159136752","https://openalex.org/W220440441","https://openalex.org/W2003230321","https://openalex.org/W2149590159","https://openalex.org/W2161972434","https://openalex.org/W2163250203","https://openalex.org/W2168689817","https://openalex.org/W3134061290","https://openalex.org/W4232197278","https://openalex.org/W4252622709","https://openalex.org/W4283696844","https://openalex.org/W4411086976"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,115],"real-time":[1],"embedded":[2],"systems,":[3],"traditional":[4],"timer":[5],"based":[6,141],"time-triggered":[7,159],"preemptive":[8,160],"scheduling":[9,83,171],"suffers":[10],"from":[11],"priority":[12,67],"inversion,":[13],"where":[14],"the":[15,27,37,62,66,76,87,92,95,111,124,136,156],"release":[16],"of":[17,29,68],"a":[18,30,120,149],"lower-priority":[19],"task":[20,79],"at":[21],"its":[22],"activation":[23,72],"time":[24,40,73,143],"interferes":[25],"with":[26],"execution":[28],"higher-priority":[31,44],"task.":[32],"This":[33],"not":[34],"only":[35],"complicates":[36],"worst-case":[38],"response":[39],"(WCRT)":[41],"analysis":[42],"for":[43,178],"tasks":[45,69],"but":[46],"also":[47],"increases":[48],"their":[49,71],"actual":[50],"WCRT,":[51],"thereby":[52],"degrading":[53],"predictability":[54,182],"and":[55,80,107,144,174,183],"schedulability.":[56,184],"Addressing":[57],"this":[58,101,116],"challenge":[59],"requires":[60],"enabling":[61],"processor":[63,137],"to":[64,75,81,99,104,134,138,167],"aware":[65],"reaching":[70],"relative":[74],"currently":[77],"executing":[78],"make":[82],"decisions":[84],"accordingly.":[85],"Since":[86],"instruction":[88,112,122],"set":[89,113],"serves":[90],"as":[91],"software/hardware":[93],"interface,":[94],"most":[96],"direct":[97],"approach":[98],"support":[100],"capability":[102],"is":[103],"incorporate":[105],"timing-":[106],"priority-aware":[108,131],"semantics":[109],"into":[110],"architecture.":[114],"paper,":[117],"we":[118,154],"propose":[119],"novel":[121],"set,":[123],"Time-Triggered":[125],"Instruction":[126],"Set":[127],"(TTI),":[128],"which":[129],"introduces":[130],"timed":[132],"operations":[133,140],"allow":[135],"perform":[139],"on":[142],"priority.":[145],"We":[146],"then":[147],"design":[148],"TTI-supported":[150],"hardware":[151],"microarchitecture.":[152],"And":[153],"develop":[155],"TTI-based":[157],"priority-inversionfree":[158],"scheduling.":[161],"Experimental":[162],"results":[163],"demonstrate":[164],"that,":[165],"compared":[166],"timer-based":[168],"scheduling,":[169],"TTIbased":[170],"achieves":[172],"lower":[173],"more":[175],"stable":[176],"WCRT":[177],"high-priority":[179],"tasks,":[180],"improving":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-03-12T00:00:00"}