{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213352792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584","title":"A 40nm CMOS SoC for Real-Time Dysarthric Voice Conversion of Stroke Patients","display_name":"A 40nm CMOS SoC for Real-Time Dysarthric Voice Conversion of Stroke Patients","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213352792","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608500","display_name":"2022 27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102077864","display_name":"Tay\u2013Jyi Lin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tay-Jyi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040223646","display_name":"Chen-Zong Liao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen-Zong Liao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute (TSRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute (TSRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022698041","display_name":"Youjia Hu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"You-Jia Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103623990","display_name":"Wei-Cheng Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Cheng Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. CSIE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055405726","display_name":"Zheng-Xian Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng-Xian Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100770381","display_name":"Shaoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-1655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shao-Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111606262","display_name":"Chun-Ming Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120917","display_name":"Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/02wx79d08","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chun-Ming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute (TSRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute (TSRI), Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120917"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027128278","display_name":"Ying-Hui Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4120-7289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Hui Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","Dept. Biomedical Eng., National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. Biomedical Eng., National Yang-Ming Chiao-Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108354033","display_name":"Chingwei Yeh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chingwei Yeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027661271","display_name":"Jinn\u2010Shyan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7638-0802"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinn-Shyan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU),Chiayi,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. EE, CCU, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"SoC Research Center, National Chung Cheng University (CCU), Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102077864"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6069,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81744116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9915000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10201","display_name":"Speech Recognition and Synthesis","score":0.9887999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.6666091084480286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5790882706642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accumulator","display_name":"Accumulator (cryptography)","score":0.5755146145820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cadence","display_name":"Cadence","score":0.44553518295288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.43406277894973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27499356865882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.2253158986568451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.06364712119102478}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.6666091084480286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5790882706642151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2078106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14906620","display_name":"Accumulator (cryptography)","level":2,"score":0.5755146145820618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777125575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14088448","display_name":"Cadence","level":2,"score":0.44553518295288086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.43406277894973755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27499356865882874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.2253158986568451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.06364712119102478}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asp-dac52403.2022.9712584","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608500","display_name":"2022 27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 27th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference (ASP-DAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2592389822","https://openalex.org/W2811001736","https://openalex.org/W3197150384","https://openalex.org/W3197712601"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4289538008","https://openalex.org/W3186427148","https://openalex.org/W2138282914","https://openalex.org/W2065850627","https://openalex.org/W2017012638","https://openalex.org/W2071885361","https://openalex.org/W1966793535","https://openalex.org/W1964447062"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"the":[3,68],"first":[4],"dysarthric":[5,76],"voice":[6,14,77],"conversion":[7,88],"SoC,":[8],"which":[9,42],"can":[10],"translate":[11],"stroke":[12],"patients'":[13],"into":[15],"more":[16],"intelligible":[17],"and":[18,32,46,51,67,83,85,94],"clearer":[19],"speech":[20],"in":[21,55],"real":[22],"time.":[23],"The":[24,58],"SoC":[25],"is":[26,61,71],"composed":[27],"of":[28],"a":[29,33,38],"RISC-V":[30],"MPU":[31],"compact":[34],"DNN":[35],"engine":[36],"with":[37],"single":[39],"16-bit":[40],"multiply-accumulator,":[41],"improves":[43],"12x":[44],"performance":[45],">":[47],"100x":[48],"energy":[49],"efficiency,":[50],"has":[52],"been":[53],"implemented":[54],"40nm":[56],"CMOS.":[57],"silicon":[59],"area":[60],"0.68\u00d70.79mm":[62],"<sup":[63],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[64],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[65],",":[66],"measured":[69],"power":[70],"18.4mW":[72],"for":[73,87],"converting":[74],"3-sec":[75],"within":[78],"0.5":[79],"sec":[80,91],"(at":[81,92],"200MHz":[82],"0.8V)":[84],"4.8mW":[86],"<":[89],"1":[90],"100MHz":[93],"0.6V).":[95]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
