{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4251913009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636","title":"A unified modularity by encoding the similarity attraction feature into the null model","display_name":"A unified modularity by encoding the similarity attraction feature into the null model","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4251913009","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608209","display_name":"2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2014)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011513741","display_name":"Xin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2336-7409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["CN","JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCREST JST, Tokyo, Japan","Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCREST JST, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076510932","display_name":"Tsuyoshi Murata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3818-7830"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsuyoshi Murata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011120629","display_name":"Ken Wakita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2489-9017"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ken Wakita","raw_affiliation_strings":["TCREST JST, Tokyo, Japan","Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TCREST JST, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011513741"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698","https://openalex.org/I196699116"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.4335443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"33","issue":null,"first_page":"521","last_page":"528"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10064","display_name":"Complex Network Analysis Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9168999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.919622540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null-model","display_name":"Null model","score":0.857030987739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null","display_name":"Null (SQL)","score":0.8278156518936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/similarity","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","score":0.6809639930725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6214931011199951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5717542171478271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/measure","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","score":0.5715811848640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.46633052825927734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.461121529340744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3329734802246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32236677408218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09673210978507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.08831602334976196}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.919622540473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36382193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7068966","display_name":"Null model","level":2,"score":0.857030987739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203763787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371029","display_name":"Null (SQL)","level":2,"score":0.8278156518936157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.6809639930725098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6214931011199951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5717542171478271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.5715811848640442},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.46633052825927734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.461121529340744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3329734802246094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32236677408218384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09673210978507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.08831602334976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asonam.2014.6921636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608209","display_name":"2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2014)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2014)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5400000214576721,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338075","display_name":"Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971421925","https://openalex.org/W1976702945","https://openalex.org/W1979104937","https://openalex.org/W1995996823","https://openalex.org/W2008620264","https://openalex.org/W2015953751","https://openalex.org/W2017588197","https://openalex.org/W2025543856","https://openalex.org/W2044284488","https://openalex.org/W2061099285","https://openalex.org/W2075557508","https://openalex.org/W2086320398","https://openalex.org/W2089458547","https://openalex.org/W2095189226","https://openalex.org/W2095293504","https://openalex.org/W2101580881","https://openalex.org/W2127048411","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2128366083","https://openalex.org/W2130354913","https://openalex.org/W2131681506","https://openalex.org/W2132484736","https://openalex.org/W2132914434","https://openalex.org/W2133939386","https://openalex.org/W2146815027","https://openalex.org/W2151936673","https://openalex.org/W2160444575","https://openalex.org/W2167597870","https://openalex.org/W2169015768","https://openalex.org/W2621737021","https://openalex.org/W3037085755","https://openalex.org/W3088048311","https://openalex.org/W3099768174","https://openalex.org/W3101413764","https://openalex.org/W3102641634","https://openalex.org/W6678914141","https://openalex.org/W6847388455"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378195143","https://openalex.org/W4251913009","https://openalex.org/W2261099484","https://openalex.org/W2785512550","https://openalex.org/W2590847585","https://openalex.org/W4288633237","https://openalex.org/W2319717249","https://openalex.org/W2026080208","https://openalex.org/W1535743328","https://openalex.org/W4283071360"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modularity":[0],"is":[1,68,122],"a":[2,17,24,30,77,85,100,111],"widely":[3],"used":[4,51],"measure":[5,102],"for":[6],"evaluating":[7],"community":[8],"structure":[9],"in":[10,124],"networks.":[11,60],"The":[12],"definition":[13],"of":[14,44,58,64,80],"modularity":[15,109],"involves":[16],"comparison":[18,35],"between":[19],"the":[20,34,45,49,106,127,132],"observed":[21,46],"network":[22],"and":[23,130],"null":[25,38,52,87,96],"model,":[26,97],"which":[27,104],"serves":[28],"as":[29,110],"reference.":[31],"To":[32],"make":[33],"significant,":[36],"this":[37,91],"model":[39,88],"should":[40],"characterize":[41],"some":[42],"features":[43],"network.":[47],"However,":[48],"previously":[50],"models":[53],"are":[54,74],"not":[55],"good":[56],"representations":[57],"real-world":[59,66],"A":[61],"common":[62],"feature":[63],"many":[65],"networks":[67],"similarity":[69],"attraction,":[70],"i.e.,":[71],"nodes":[72],"that":[73,89,120],"similar":[75],"have":[76],"higher":[78],"chance":[79],"getting":[81],"connected.":[82],"We":[83,114],"propose":[84],"new":[86],"captures":[90],"feature.":[92],"Based":[93],"on":[94],"our":[95],"we":[98],"create":[99],"unified":[101],"Dist-Modularity,":[103],"incorporates":[105],"famous":[107],"Newman-Girvan":[108],"special":[112],"case.":[113],"use":[115],"three":[116],"examples":[117],"to":[118],"demonstrate":[119],"Dist-Modularity":[121],"useful":[123],"detecting":[125],"1)":[126],"multi-resolution":[128],"communities":[129],"2)":[131],"geographically":[133],"dispersed":[134],"communities.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}