{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4213390434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658","title":"Hardware Trojans Detection Through RTL Features Extraction and Machine Learning","display_name":"Hardware Trojans Detection Through RTL Features Extraction and Machine Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4213390434","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Asian Hardware Oriented Security and Trust Symposium (AsianHOST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048489740","display_name":"Jizhong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8561-4121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jizhong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100386112","display_name":"Ying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2960-425X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051193251","display_name":"Yifeng Hua","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifeng Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028409633","display_name":"Jiaqi Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7785-3295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaqi Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077180430","display_name":"Zhiming Mao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7705-9575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiming Mao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100724151","display_name":"Xin Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2706-5069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9842412","display_name":"Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01scyh794","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048489740"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9842412"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8423,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86052382,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.9854000210762024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7650755643844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-trojan","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","score":0.700056791305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.6397531628608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/register-transfer-level","display_name":"Register-transfer level","score":0.5450780987739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5240697860717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.48230457305908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrated-circuit","display_name":"Integrated circuit","score":0.47501716017723083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.4608649015426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trojan","display_name":"Trojan","score":0.4508041739463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4496203660964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.42196351289749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.340120792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32371073961257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-gate","display_name":"Logic gate","score":0.28465211391448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.23848125338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logic-synthesis","display_name":"Logic synthesis","score":0.2130546271800995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1284683346748352}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7650755643844604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656397","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","level":3,"score":0.700056791305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.6397531628608704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34854456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1484552","display_name":"Register-transfer level","level":4,"score":0.5450780987739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5240697860717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.48230457305908203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530198007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80831","display_name":"Integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.47501716017723083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.4608649015426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.4508041739463806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4496203660964966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.42196351289749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.340120792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32371073961257935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.28465211391448975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.23848125338554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157922185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173198","display_name":"Logic synthesis","level":3,"score":0.2130546271800995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1284683346748352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/asianhost53231.2021.9699658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 Asian Hardware Oriented Security and Trust Symposium (AsianHOST)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992787530","https://openalex.org/W1994094562","https://openalex.org/W1998461107","https://openalex.org/W2047855165","https://openalex.org/W2050351395","https://openalex.org/W2150928734","https://openalex.org/W2151668694","https://openalex.org/W2155843186","https://openalex.org/W2161856614","https://openalex.org/W2524064595","https://openalex.org/W2757667045","https://openalex.org/W2909950944","https://openalex.org/W3173483835","https://openalex.org/W6649699266","https://openalex.org/W6682184091","https://openalex.org/W6797237759"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3006530033","https://openalex.org/W4220804979","https://openalex.org/W2792814953","https://openalex.org/W3195203471","https://openalex.org/W2884921918","https://openalex.org/W924455922","https://openalex.org/W2113429143","https://openalex.org/W2571166760","https://openalex.org/W2115815738","https://openalex.org/W4213390434"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"ensure":[1],"the":[2,40,106,110],"hardware":[3],"security":[4],"of":[5,45,54,80,115],"integrated":[6],"circuits,":[7,50],"especially":[8],"considering":[9],"third-party":[10],"IP":[11],"cores":[12],"(3PIP":[13],"cores)":[14],"application":[15],"in":[16,35,104],"SoC":[17],"design,":[18],"a":[19,51,73,77],"novel":[20],"Hardware":[21],"Trojan":[22],"(HT)":[23],"detection":[24,113,118],"scheme":[25],"aimed":[26],"to":[27,59,64,97,102],"Register":[28],"Transfer":[29],"Level":[30],"(RTL)":[31],"Description":[32],"is":[33,57,82],"proposed":[34,117],"this":[36],"paper.":[37],"By":[38],"analyzing":[39],"structural":[41],"and":[42,66,88,99],"signal":[43],"characteristics":[44],"RTL":[46,55],"design":[47],"for":[48,68,76],"suspicious":[49],"mathematical":[52],"model":[53],"nodes":[56],"constructed":[58],"achieve":[60],"numeric":[61],"features":[62,90],"relevant":[63],"HT":[65,112],"available":[67],"Machine":[69],"Learning":[70],"(ML).":[71],"Then":[72],"ML":[74],"classifier":[75],"certain":[78],"category":[79],"circuits":[81,94,101],"trained":[83],"by":[84],"Random":[85],"Forest":[86],"algorithm":[87],"numerical":[89],"are":[91,95],"extracted.":[92],"22":[93,100],"applied":[96],"training":[98],"detecting":[103],"experiments,":[105],"results":[107],"show":[108],"that":[109],"average":[111],"rate":[114],"our":[116],"method":[119],"can":[120],"reach":[121],"99.93%.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
