{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206334468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946","title":"Adversarial Attacks to API Recommender Systems: Time to Wake Up and Smell the Coffee?","display_name":"Adversarial Attacks to API Recommender Systems: Time to Wake Up and Smell the Coffee?","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206334468","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608212","display_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023235306","display_name":"Phuong T. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3666-4162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Phuong T. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","University of L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047553297","display_name":"Claudio Di Sipio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9872-9542"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Di Sipio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","University of L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044470818","display_name":"Juri Di Rocco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7909-3902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juri Di Rocco","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","University of L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025099559","display_name":"Massimiliano Di Penta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-9747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16337185","display_name":"University of Sannio","ror":"https://ror.org/04vc81p87","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Massimiliano Di Penta","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sannio, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sannio, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16337185"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002764716","display_name":"Davide Di Ruscio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5077-6793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26415053","display_name":"University of L'Aquila","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9p1r26","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Di Ruscio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","University of L'Aquila, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L\u2019Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of L'Aquila, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26415053"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3951,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85203327,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"253","last_page":"265"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.916867196559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8038908839225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.7690207958221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.49997735023498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4845377802848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.41433730721473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22946658730506897}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.916867196559906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8038908839225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.7690207958221436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.49997735023498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4845377802848816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.41433730721473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22946658730506897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678946","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608212","display_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90447038","https://openalex.org/W1486317198","https://openalex.org/W1562161142","https://openalex.org/W1629811776","https://openalex.org/W1812277312","https://openalex.org/W1932198206","https://openalex.org/W1965891547","https://openalex.org/W1974314988","https://openalex.org/W1977290284","https://openalex.org/W2008107570","https://openalex.org/W2008189479","https://openalex.org/W2014577207","https://openalex.org/W2020701179","https://openalex.org/W2072651985","https://openalex.org/W2086348510","https://openalex.org/W2090188769","https://openalex.org/W2098121414","https://openalex.org/W2106112694","https://openalex.org/W2112428464","https://openalex.org/W2122182354","https://openalex.org/W2133933998","https://openalex.org/W2145906963","https://openalex.org/W2206153479","https://openalex.org/W2246134316","https://openalex.org/W2292487094","https://openalex.org/W2298229910","https://openalex.org/W2402619042","https://openalex.org/W2517541169","https://openalex.org/W2532717356","https://openalex.org/W2547212960","https://openalex.org/W2606250847","https://openalex.org/W2734542274","https://openalex.org/W2780061022","https://openalex.org/W2783327762","https://openalex.org/W2795452229","https://openalex.org/W2797862469","https://openalex.org/W2946877613","https://openalex.org/W2955972181","https://openalex.org/W2960896276","https://openalex.org/W2986678597","https://openalex.org/W2987246247","https://openalex.org/W2998528846","https://openalex.org/W2999672312","https://openalex.org/W3003663951","https://openalex.org/W3005890508","https://openalex.org/W3006165421","https://openalex.org/W3014362912","https://openalex.org/W3030822388","https://openalex.org/W3035051411","https://openalex.org/W3084489712","https://openalex.org/W3095312831","https://openalex.org/W3102631191","https://openalex.org/W3133706083","https://openalex.org/W3138651963","https://openalex.org/W3160172209","https://openalex.org/W3160738042","https://openalex.org/W3163395228","https://openalex.org/W3173722975","https://openalex.org/W4241089335","https://openalex.org/W4245995216","https://openalex.org/W4323340212","https://openalex.org/W6633789344","https://openalex.org/W6649133229","https://openalex.org/W6674592523","https://openalex.org/W6770064891","https://openalex.org/W6774149093","https://openalex.org/W6784880316","https://openalex.org/W6790162643"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2502115930","https://openalex.org/W4246396837","https://openalex.org/W3176240006","https://openalex.org/W3126451824","https://openalex.org/W2482350142","https://openalex.org/W1561927205","https://openalex.org/W3191453585","https://openalex.org/W4297672492","https://openalex.org/W4310988119"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recommender":[0],"systems":[1,24,45,132,158],"in":[2,28,51,90,163],"software":[3,83,98],"engineering":[4],"provide":[5],"developers":[6],"with":[7],"a":[8,134],"wide":[9],"range":[10],"of":[11,53,112,138],"valuable":[12],"items":[13],"to":[14,48,143,155],"help":[15],"them":[16,139],"complete":[17],"their":[18,118],"tasks.":[19],"Among":[20],"others,":[21],"API":[22,38,101,130],"recommender":[23,102,122,131,157],"have":[25,46],"gained":[26],"momentum":[27],"recent":[29],"years":[30],"as":[31],"they":[32],"became":[33],"more":[34],"successful":[35],"at":[36,95],"suggesting":[37],"calls":[39],"or":[40],"code":[41],"snippets.":[42],"While":[43],"these":[44],"proven":[47],"be":[49],"effective":[50,153],"terms":[52],"prediction":[54],"accuracy,":[55],"there":[56],"has":[57],"been":[58],"less":[59],"attention":[60],"for":[61,152],"what":[62],"concerns":[63],"such":[64],"recommenders\u2019":[65,75],"resilience":[66],"against":[67,159],"adversarial":[68,113],"attempts.":[69],"In":[70,104],"fact,":[71],"by":[72],"crafting":[73],"the":[74,97,150],"learning":[76,115],"material,":[77],"e.g.,":[78],"data":[79],"from":[80],"large":[81],"open-source":[82],"(OSS)":[84],"repositories,":[85],"hostile":[86,160],"users":[87],"may":[88],"succeed":[89],"injecting":[91],"malicious":[92,144],"data,":[93],"putting":[94],"risk":[96],"clients":[99],"adopting":[100],"systems.":[103,123],"this":[105],"paper,":[106],"we":[107],"present":[108],"an":[109],"empirical":[110],"investigation":[111],"machine":[114],"techniques":[116],"and":[117],"possible":[119],"influence":[120],"on":[121,127],"The":[124,146],"evaluation":[125],"performed":[126],"three":[128],"state-of-the-art":[129],"reveals":[133],"worrying":[135],"outcome:":[136],"all":[137],"are":[140],"not":[141],"immune":[142],"data.":[145,165],"obtained":[147],"result":[148],"triggers":[149],"need":[151],"countermeasures":[154],"protect":[156],"attacks":[161],"disguised":[162],"training":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}