{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3197515998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","title":"APIzation: Generating Reusable APIs from StackOverflow Code Snippets","display_name":"APIzation: Generating Reusable APIs from StackOverflow Code Snippets","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3197515998","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","mag":"3197515998"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608212","display_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068101658","display_name":"Valerio Terragni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5885-9297"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valerio Terragni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035648889","display_name":"Pasquale Salza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8687-052X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I202697423","display_name":"University of Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/02crff812","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pasquale Salza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I202697423"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7096,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84948837,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"542","last_page":"554"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8425202369689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snippet","display_name":"Snippet","score":0.6351760029792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/java","display_name":"Java","score":0.6228930950164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.6019290685653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuse","display_name":"Reuse","score":0.5542284846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/declaration","display_name":"Declaration","score":0.5433143377304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5078511834144592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.5029131770133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.5001327991485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-reuse","display_name":"Code reuse","score":0.4494266211986542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.44109103083610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.3603938817977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.3397878408432007}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8425202369689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777822670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120538","display_name":"Snippet","level":2,"score":0.6351760029792786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548217200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251","display_name":"Java","level":2,"score":0.6228930950164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.6019290685653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206588197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846574","display_name":"Reuse","level":2,"score":0.5542284846305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138147947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1183659","display_name":"Declaration","level":2,"score":0.5433143377304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5078511834144592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.5029131770133972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.5001327991485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778583558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771245","display_name":"Code reuse","level":3,"score":0.4494266211986542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.44109103083610535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.3603938817977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3397878408432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase51524.2021.9678576","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608212","display_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 36th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5199999809265137}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607675442","https://openalex.org/W1899727747","https://openalex.org/W1975296856","https://openalex.org/W1977971855","https://openalex.org/W2005207065","https://openalex.org/W2014755981","https://openalex.org/W2014890943","https://openalex.org/W2021538299","https://openalex.org/W2022090474","https://openalex.org/W2023925487","https://openalex.org/W2026608875","https://openalex.org/W2033705196","https://openalex.org/W2051204868","https://openalex.org/W2065489029","https://openalex.org/W2066998448","https://openalex.org/W2069131205","https://openalex.org/W2093400716","https://openalex.org/W2098544808","https://openalex.org/W2111389122","https://openalex.org/W2115130131","https://openalex.org/W2122156963","https://openalex.org/W2138756793","https://openalex.org/W2139374478","https://openalex.org/W2141271901","https://openalex.org/W2154021641","https://openalex.org/W2170045560","https://openalex.org/W2271947231","https://openalex.org/W2335783870","https://openalex.org/W2366532918","https://openalex.org/W2400323868","https://openalex.org/W2406533925","https://openalex.org/W2463123136","https://openalex.org/W2516621648","https://openalex.org/W2521166731","https://openalex.org/W2522186013","https://openalex.org/W2545778708","https://openalex.org/W2547880329","https://openalex.org/W2579141170","https://openalex.org/W2603990485","https://openalex.org/W2620682708","https://openalex.org/W2620704513","https://openalex.org/W2621507218","https://openalex.org/W2728599219","https://openalex.org/W2767380523","https://openalex.org/W2788306232","https://openalex.org/W2794992746","https://openalex.org/W2795362139","https://openalex.org/W2795368212","https://openalex.org/W2795866244","https://openalex.org/W2808792430","https://openalex.org/W2922099667","https://openalex.org/W2943748428","https://openalex.org/W2963541700","https://openalex.org/W2963879841","https://openalex.org/W2964315653","https://openalex.org/W3027616835","https://openalex.org/W3090668753","https://openalex.org/W3090867931","https://openalex.org/W3098281910","https://openalex.org/W3098403328","https://openalex.org/W3098783205","https://openalex.org/W4243840747","https://openalex.org/W4249021123","https://openalex.org/W4254148680","https://openalex.org/W4393565841","https://openalex.org/W6694129189","https://openalex.org/W6712731448","https://openalex.org/W6714019648","https://openalex.org/W6862639341"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4384811727","https://openalex.org/W2972809164","https://openalex.org/W2810627707","https://openalex.org/W2767438630","https://openalex.org/W3005789994","https://openalex.org/W2189387569","https://openalex.org/W1507027376","https://openalex.org/W1954856259","https://openalex.org/W2403161756","https://openalex.org/W4252966483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Developer":[0],"forums":[1],"like":[2],"StackOverflow":[3],"have":[4],"become":[5],"essential":[6],"resources":[7],"to":[8,69],"modern":[9],"software":[10],"development":[11],"practices.":[12],"However,":[13],"many":[14],"code":[15,36,56,74],"snippets":[16,37,75],"lack":[17],"a":[18,55,95,112],"well-defined":[19],"method":[20,103],"declaration,":[21],"and":[22,43,61,105,125,131,137],"thus":[23],"they":[24],"are":[25],"often":[26],"incomplete":[27],"for":[28],"immediate":[29],"reuse.":[30],"Developers":[31],"must":[32],"adapt":[33],"the":[34,40,45,102,132,147,150],"retrieved":[35],"by":[38,80,87],"parameterizing":[39],"variables":[41],"involved":[42],"identifying":[44],"return":[46,106,138,151],"value.":[47],"This":[48],"activity,":[49],"which":[50],"we":[51,66,85],"call":[52],"APIzation":[53],"of":[54,72,114],"snippet,":[57],"can":[58],"be":[59],"tedious":[60],"time-consuming.":[62],"In":[63],"this":[64],"paper,":[65],"present":[67],"APIZATOR":[68,77,93,110,130],"perform":[70],"APIzations":[71,90,116],"JAVA":[73],"automatically.":[76],"is":[78],"grounded":[79],"four":[81],"common":[82],"patterns":[83],"that":[84,99],"extracted":[86,134],"studying":[88],"real":[89],"in":[91],"GitHub.":[92],"presents":[94],"static":[96],"analysis":[97],"algorithm":[98],"automatically":[100],"extracts":[101],"parameters":[104,136,148],"statements.":[107],"We":[108],"evaluated":[109],"with":[111],"ground-truth":[113],"200":[115],"collected":[117],"from":[118],"20":[119],"developers.":[120],"For":[121,141],"113":[122],"(56.50":[123],"%)":[124,128,144],"115":[126],"(57.50":[127],"APIzations,":[129,145],"developers":[133],"identical":[135],"statements,":[139],"respectively.":[140],"163":[142],"(81.50":[143],"either":[146],"or":[149],"statements":[152],"were":[153],"identical.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}