{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127970060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","title":"Visual constraint diagrams: runtime conformance checking of UML object models versus implementations","display_name":"Visual constraint diagrams: runtime conformance checking of UML object models versus implementations","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127970060","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","mag":"2127970060"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"18th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112025973","display_name":"CM Turner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C.J. Turner","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056709165","display_name":"T.C. Nicholas Graham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6723-1936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.C.N. Graham","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012823216","display_name":"Chris Wolfe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5882-1149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. Wolfe","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111942841","display_name":"J.A.R. Ball","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Ball","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078325228","display_name":"David Holman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2812-0579"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Holman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109256303","display_name":"H.D. Stewart","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204722609","display_name":"Queen's University","ror":"https://ror.org/02y72wh86","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H.D. Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen''s University, Kingston, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023352724","display_name":"Arthur Ryman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341412227","display_name":"IBM (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113654","display_name":"IBM (Canada)","ror":"https://ror.org/025sxka56","country_code":"CA","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227","https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]}],"countries":["CA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.G. Ryman","raw_affiliation_strings":["IBM Toronto Software Solutions Laboratory, Markham, ONT, Canada","IBM Toronto Software Solutions Laboratory, Markham, Ontario, Canada#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Toronto Software Solutions Laboratory, Markham, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113654"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IBM Toronto Software Solutions Laboratory, Markham, Ontario, Canada#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341412227"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5112025973"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204722609"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5339,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83952971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"271","last_page":"276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11450","display_name":"Model-Driven Software Engineering Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10799","display_name":"Data Visualization and Analytics","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12601","display_name":"Web Applications and Data Management","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8038762807846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.7899571061134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unified-modeling-language","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","score":0.7281002998352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-diagram","display_name":"Class diagram","score":0.7274150848388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformance-checking","display_name":"Conformance checking","score":0.6548906564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-constraint-language","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","score":0.6330835819244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applications-of-uml","display_name":"Applications of UML","score":0.5461432337760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.543325662612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constraint","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","score":0.5181695222854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uml-tool","display_name":"UML tool","score":0.47973623871803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation","display_name":"Implementation","score":0.42055103182792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.41864144802093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3423318862915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.28913232684135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.13438481092453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07465428113937378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8038762807846069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.7899571061134338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145644426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169411","display_name":"Unified Modeling Language","level":3,"score":0.7281002998352051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202446494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664166","display_name":"Class diagram","level":4,"score":0.7274150848388672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775948798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160261","display_name":"Conformance checking","level":5,"score":0.6548906564712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133264317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1397689","display_name":"Object Constraint Language","level":5,"score":0.6330835819244385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41298492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781506","display_name":"Applications of UML","level":4,"score":0.5461432337760925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.543325662612915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.5181695222854614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146939238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2467310","display_name":"UML tool","level":4,"score":0.47973623871803284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26713055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245962","display_name":"Implementation","level":2,"score":0.42055103182792664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.41864144802093506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3423318862915039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.28913232684135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.13438481092453003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07465428113937378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85345410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851587","display_name":"Business process","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207505557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4374012","display_name":"Business process modeling","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ase.2003.1240319","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"18th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering, 2003. Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307762","display_name":"International Business Machines Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/05hh8d621"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88590133","https://openalex.org/W160451091","https://openalex.org/W1498369023","https://openalex.org/W1518695183","https://openalex.org/W1540492331","https://openalex.org/W1553791847","https://openalex.org/W1554765498","https://openalex.org/W1555213554","https://openalex.org/W1997520998","https://openalex.org/W1998889043","https://openalex.org/W2001961185","https://openalex.org/W2015873350","https://openalex.org/W2060440626","https://openalex.org/W2099106391","https://openalex.org/W2133550868","https://openalex.org/W2151707223","https://openalex.org/W2155024699","https://openalex.org/W2159765281","https://openalex.org/W2163119623","https://openalex.org/W4245577656","https://openalex.org/W4248425340","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6606459671","https://openalex.org/W6629694577","https://openalex.org/W6632996828","https://openalex.org/W6633213206"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139608660","https://openalex.org/W2387087283","https://openalex.org/W145682561","https://openalex.org/W1481422796","https://openalex.org/W1998017916","https://openalex.org/W2382782442","https://openalex.org/W2955510165","https://openalex.org/W1520697883","https://openalex.org/W2347413730","https://openalex.org/W3101352210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"visual":[3,70],"constraint":[4,42],"diagrams":[5,15,35],"(VCD),":[6],"an":[7,37],"extension":[8],"to":[9,25,65,76,97],"UML":[10],"(Unified":[11],"Modeling":[12],"Language)":[13],"object":[14,20],"for":[16,104],"expressing":[17],"constraints":[18,28,64],"over":[19,58],"models.":[21],"VCD":[22,54,85,105],"allows":[23],"designers":[24],"express":[26],"well-formedness":[27],"that":[29,44],"cannot":[30,50],"be":[31,66,87],"expressed":[32,67],"using":[33],"class":[34],"alone;":[36],"example":[38],"of":[39,72,94,111],"such":[40,80],"a":[41,45,102],"is":[43],"linked":[46],"list":[47],"data":[48],"structure":[49],"have":[51,106],"any":[52],"loops.":[53],"offers":[55],"two":[56],"advances":[57],"existing":[59],"techniques:":[60],"(1)":[61],"they":[62],"allow":[63],"within":[68],"the":[69,92,112],"notation":[71],"UML,":[73],"without":[74],"resorting":[75],"complex":[77],"textual":[78],"notations":[79],"as":[81,109],"OCL;":[82],"and":[83,101],"(2)":[84],"can":[86],"checked":[88],"at":[89],"runtime,":[90],"increasing":[91],"value":[93],"design":[95,115],"documents":[96],"developers.":[98],"An":[99],"editor":[100],"checker":[103],"been":[107],"implemented":[108],"part":[110],"Rosetta":[113],"software":[114],"tool.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
