{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388820634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170","title":"Improving Regularization of Deep Learning Models in Fundus Analysis","display_name":"Improving Regularization of Deep Learning Models in Fundus Analysis","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388820634","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Asia Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026083028","display_name":"Wei-Wen Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8554-1265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178613991","display_name":"National Taitung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j9d8v51","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Wen Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032462085","display_name":"Yao\u2010Chung Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-8910"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178613991","display_name":"National Taitung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j9d8v51","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao-Chung Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082407154","display_name":"Wei-Min Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I178613991","display_name":"National Taitung University","ror":"https://ror.org/05j9d8v51","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Min Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Taitung University,Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Taitung,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I178613991"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011806260","display_name":"Yu-Chuan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6427-8514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68171755","display_name":"National Defense Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02bn97g32","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Chuan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Defense Medical Center,School of Pharmacy,Taipei,Taiwan","School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Defense Medical Center,School of Pharmacy,Taipei,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100341549","display_name":"Da\u2010Wen Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1279-9238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1293718874","display_name":"Tri-Service General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/007h4qe29","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1293718874"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68171755","display_name":"National Defense Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/02bn97g32","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68171755"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Da-Wen Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center,Department of Ophthalmology,Taipei,Taiwan","Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center,Department of Ophthalmology,Taipei,Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68171755","https://openalex.org/I1293718874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68171755","https://openalex.org/I1293718874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2193,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61154333,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"898","last_page":"901"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9846000075340271,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overfitting","display_name":"Overfitting","score":0.9335147142410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.8548142313957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8294472098350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7997608184814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.6129424571990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5853386521339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5047622919082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.44928881525993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.44168099761009216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.40109753608703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.09817540645599365}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22019652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331309","display_name":"Overfitting","level":3,"score":0.9335147142410278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.8548142313957214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8294472098350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7997608184814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6129424571990967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5853386521339417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5047622919082642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.44928881525993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.44168099761009216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.40109753608703613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.09817540645599365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc58517.2023.10317170","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 Asia Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2177654152","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2557738935","https://openalex.org/W2752747624","https://openalex.org/W2891146096","https://openalex.org/W3025093592","https://openalex.org/W3204011482","https://openalex.org/W3206239108","https://openalex.org/W4281836289","https://openalex.org/W4288359148","https://openalex.org/W6761839128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4362597605","https://openalex.org/W1574414179","https://openalex.org/W3009056573","https://openalex.org/W2922073769","https://openalex.org/W4297676672","https://openalex.org/W4281702477","https://openalex.org/W4378510483","https://openalex.org/W4295122168","https://openalex.org/W3155717344","https://openalex.org/W1770458422"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0,211],"the":[1,11,50,57,66,73,82,102,109,121,127,154,172,196,199,204,214,217],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,13,111,174,216],"deep":[4,23,51,83,103,137,181],"learning":[5,24,52,84,104,138,182],"in":[6,41,76,161,229],"many":[7,42],"computer":[8],"vision":[9],"applications,":[10],"development":[12],"computer-aided":[14],"diagnosis":[15],"systems":[16],"has":[17],"been":[18],"focused":[19],"on":[20,126],"recently.":[21],"The":[22,133,184],"approaches":[25],"for":[26,38,89,144,157,177],"glaucoma":[27,178,218],"assessment":[28,179,219],"through":[29],"fundus":[30,77,175],"analysis":[31,176],"have":[32,86],"shown":[33],"extremely":[34],"high":[35],"performance,":[36],"especially":[37],"early":[39],"detection,":[40],"studies.":[43],"In":[44],"addition,":[45],"researchers":[46],"also":[47,65,106,152],"found":[48],"that":[49,60,69,81,202],"models":[53,85,105,139],"detect":[54,141],"not":[55,95],"only":[56],"subtle":[58],"changes":[59],"reflect":[61],"RNFL":[62],"thinning":[63],"but":[64],"morphological":[67],"features":[68,151,185,201],"are":[70],"present":[71],"outside":[72],"optic":[74],"disc":[75],"photography.":[78],"It":[79],"suggests":[80],"great":[87],"potential":[88],"extracting":[90],"detailed":[91,142,150],"morphologies":[92],"which":[93],"may":[94],"be":[96,223],"aware":[97],"by":[98,136,171],"human\u2019s":[99],"vision.":[100],"However,":[101],"suffered":[107],"from":[108,130,198,207,225],"problem":[110,156],"poor":[112],"regularization":[113],"when":[114],"dealing":[115],"with":[116,186],"cross-institutional":[117,158,220],"datasets.":[118],"That":[119],"is,":[120],"model\u2019s":[122],"performance":[123,215],"dropped":[124],"dramatically":[125],"input":[128],"images":[129],"different":[131,146],"institutions.":[132],"feature":[134,212],"extraction":[135],"can":[140,222],"characteristics":[143],"distinguishing":[145],"categories;":[147],"nonetheless":[148],"these":[149],"cause":[153],"overfitting":[155],"data.":[159],"Therefore,":[160],"this":[162],"study,":[163],"we":[164],"aim":[165],"to":[166,194,227],"verify":[167],"our":[168],"proposed":[169],"hypothesis":[170],"application":[173],"using":[180],"approaches.":[183],"better":[187],"regularization,":[188],"called":[189],"robust":[190],"features,":[191],"were":[192],"selected":[193],"reduce":[195],"influences":[197],"non-robust":[200],"overfit":[203],"training":[205],"dataset":[206,221],"a":[208],"specific":[209],"source.":[210],"selection,":[213],"improved":[224],"62.7%":[226],"81%":[228],"accuracy.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}