{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3012321594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","title":"An Experimental Study on English Majors Weak Form Productions of Prepositions","display_name":"An Experimental Study on English Majors Weak Form Productions of Prepositions","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3012321594","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","mag":"3012321594"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076402089","display_name":"Jiangbo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-7949"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiangbo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030762120","display_name":"Aijun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2654-5781"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aijun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Linguisiticics, Chinse Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Linguisiticics, Chinse Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054150983","display_name":"Na Zhi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0765-873X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96852419","display_name":"Capital Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/005edt527","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Na Zhi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital Normal University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076402089"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96852419"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.20774242,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2054","last_page":"2063"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10403","display_name":"Phonetics and Phonology Research","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5787160396575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.39028269052505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3278431296348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2724977135658264}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5787160396575928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.39028269052505493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3278431296348572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2724977135658264}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipaasc47483.2019.9023191","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA ASC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W397522103","https://openalex.org/W1994989961","https://openalex.org/W2002787067","https://openalex.org/W2049831997","https://openalex.org/W2118938353","https://openalex.org/W2123975103","https://openalex.org/W2351208113","https://openalex.org/W2351220138","https://openalex.org/W2371980396","https://openalex.org/W2393507660","https://openalex.org/W2508618146","https://openalex.org/W2739978232","https://openalex.org/W2800866707","https://openalex.org/W6742170817","https://openalex.org/W6986584784","https://openalex.org/W7034428505"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W4402327032","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"compares":[2],"the":[3,17,25,105,110,113,117,134,138,146,152,171,192,197,208,216,230,234,245,255],"acoustic":[4],"cues":[5,107],"Chinese":[6,148],"English":[7,12],"learners":[8,98],"and":[9,37,44,89,102,112,116,233],"American":[10],"native":[11,135,172,198,217,231],"speakers":[13,136,199,218],"used":[14],"to":[15,108,150,190,251],"realize":[16,151],"weak":[18,153],"forms":[19,154],"of":[20,28,36,46,84,140,155,161,170,204,215,221,257],"prepositions.":[21,156],"Six":[22],"prepositions":[23,85,205],"with":[24,50,62],"highest":[26],"frequency":[27],"occurrence":[29],"in":[30,75,137,164,180,219,261],"COCA,":[31],"\u201cat,":[32],"for,":[33],"from,":[34],"in,":[35],"to\u201d,":[38],"were":[39,56,69,86],"selected":[40],"as":[41,104,131,133,174,194,196],"target":[42],"words,":[43],"each":[45,72],"them":[47,189],"was":[48],"collocated":[49],"3":[51],"verb":[52],"phrases":[53],"(VP)":[54],"which":[55,95,248],"further":[57],"put":[58],"into":[59],"experimental":[60,73],"sentences":[61],"a":[63],"Subject+VP+Object+Apstructure.":[64],"Altogether":[65],"6":[66],"focus":[67],"conditions":[68],"set":[70],"for":[71,188],"sentence":[74,209],"this":[76],"research.":[77],"The":[78],"vowel":[79,141,163,179],"formant,":[80],"duration,":[81],"pitch":[82,101,222,225,240],"movement":[83],"analyzed":[87],"within":[88,244],"across":[90],"two":[91],"speaker":[92],"groups,":[93],"from":[94,213],"we":[96],"concluded:":[97],"only":[99],"use":[100,145],"duration":[103,160],"phonetic":[106],"distinguish":[109],"reduced":[111,162,246],"normal":[114],"prepositions,":[115],"deviation":[118],"might":[119],"be":[120,252],"caused":[121,253],"by":[122,254],"their":[123,181,239,262],"L1":[124,182,263],"transfer.":[125],"Specifically,":[126],"learners'":[127,159,202],"centralization":[128],"is":[129,166,176,186,211,227,242,249],"not":[130],"obvious":[132],"process":[139],"reduction,":[142],"instead,":[143],"they":[144],"shortened":[147],"vowels":[149,193],"In":[157],"addition,":[158],"preposition":[165],"longer":[167],"than":[168,229],"that":[169,214],"speakers,":[173],"there":[175],"no":[177],"lax":[178],"system,":[183],"so":[184],"it":[185],"difficult":[187],"shorten":[191],"largely":[195],"do.":[200],"Besides,":[201],"production":[203],"placed":[206],"after":[207],"nuclear":[210],"deviant":[212],"terms":[220],"representation.":[223],"Their":[224],"range":[226],"larger":[228],"speakers',":[232],"clear":[235],"falling":[236],"trend":[237],"on":[238],"contour":[241],"observed":[243],"vowel,":[247],"supposed":[250],"transference":[256],"neutral":[258],"tone":[259],"features":[260],"Chinese.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}