{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2579479290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","title":"Improved keyword spotting based on keyword/garbage models","display_name":"Improved keyword spotting based on keyword/garbage models","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2579479290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","mag":"2579479290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058803106","display_name":"Qiyu Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3052-9223"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100448759","display_name":"Weibin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-9690"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weibin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007354180","display_name":"Xiangmin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4573-5820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangmin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036301580","display_name":"Xiaofen Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-9055"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofen Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"South China University of Technology, GuangZhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.1065102,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13083","display_name":"Advanced Text Analysis Techniques","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keyword-spotting","display_name":"Keyword spotting","score":0.9675594568252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8342380523681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.6563113927841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-false-alarm-rate","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","score":0.6059322357177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spotting","display_name":"Spotting","score":0.5011923313140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.48177358508110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4608897566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phone","display_name":"Phone","score":0.45799264311790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alarm","display_name":"ALARM","score":0.43575426936149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3441900312900543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33824318647384644}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781213101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398558","display_name":"Keyword spotting","level":2,"score":0.9675594568252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8342380523681641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.6563113927841187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77052588","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q644307","display_name":"Constant false alarm rate","level":2,"score":0.6059322357177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779506182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7580141","display_name":"Spotting","level":2,"score":0.5011923313140869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.48177358508110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4608897566795349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778707766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202064","display_name":"Phone","level":2,"score":0.45799264311790466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779119184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q294350","display_name":"ALARM","level":2,"score":0.43575426936149597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3441900312900543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33824318647384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apsipa.2016.7820743","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482282534","https://openalex.org/W1553469512","https://openalex.org/W1979256737","https://openalex.org/W2028547769","https://openalex.org/W2034940213","https://openalex.org/W2085697202","https://openalex.org/W2096980176","https://openalex.org/W2103371184","https://openalex.org/W2145215282","https://openalex.org/W2407023693","https://openalex.org/W6714171909"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2918559346","https://openalex.org/W2114097550","https://openalex.org/W4286904253","https://openalex.org/W3119978414","https://openalex.org/W2516975559","https://openalex.org/W2545741539","https://openalex.org/W3206647229","https://openalex.org/W1969408022","https://openalex.org/W2000885660","https://openalex.org/W2117995638"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,69],"propose":[1],"two":[2,103],"simple":[3,86],"methods":[4,87,104],"to":[5,21,90,114,124],"improve":[6],"the":[7,17,23,45,63,75,78,92,95,108,117],"performance":[8],"of":[9,77],"a":[10,57,66,81],"keyword":[11,58],"spotting":[12],"system.":[13],"In":[14],"our":[15],"application,":[16],"users":[18],"are":[19,88],"allowed":[20],"change":[22],"keywords":[24],"anytime":[25],"if":[26],"they":[27,37],"want.":[28],"Thus":[29],"we":[30,72],"focused":[31],"on":[32],"phone-based":[33],"GMM-HMM":[34,46],"models":[35,48],"since":[36],"do":[38],"not":[39,60],"require":[40],"keyword-specific":[41],"training":[42],"data.":[43],"However,":[44],"based":[47],"usually":[49],"have":[50],"very":[51],"high":[52],"false":[53,109,118],"alarm":[54,110],"rate,":[55],"i.e.,":[56],"is":[59,83],"present":[61],"but":[62],"system":[64,79],"gives":[65],"positive":[67],"decision.":[68],"found":[70],"that":[71,101],"can":[73,105],"utilize":[74],"uncertainty":[76,93],"when":[80],"non-keyword":[82],"presented.":[84],"Two":[85],"proposed":[89],"incorporate":[91],"into":[94],"confidence":[96],"measure.":[97],"Our":[98],"experiments":[99],"show":[100],"these":[102],"substantially":[106],"reduce":[107],"rate":[111,120],"from":[112,122],"75.05%":[113],"5.71%.":[115,125],"Meanwhile,":[116],"reject":[119],"increases":[121],"1.04%":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}