{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055257960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","title":"From barren to beautiful: A pattern-matching localization scheme integrating heterogeneous network data","display_name":"From barren to beautiful: A pattern-matching localization scheme integrating heterogeneous network data","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055257960","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","mag":"2055257960"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 13th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037348675","display_name":"Chi-Chung Lo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chi-Chung Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050310630","display_name":"Jen\u2010Jee Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-3887"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134793997","display_name":"National University of Tainan","ror":"https://ror.org/020pqc882","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134793997"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jen-Jee Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan","Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan, 700, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134793997"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National University of Tainan, Tainan, 700, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134793997"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079097804","display_name":"Chih-Yao Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chih-Yao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047638290","display_name":"Yu\u2010Chee Tseng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-0720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148366613","display_name":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","ror":"https://ror.org/00se2k293","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Chee Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, 300, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110242877","display_name":"Shang\u2010Ming Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92172085","display_name":"Chunghwa Telecom (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f786589","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shang-Ming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078224130","display_name":"Yu-Neng Hung","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92172085","display_name":"Chunghwa Telecom (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f786589","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Neng Hung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055647252","display_name":"Chiu-Mei Tseng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92172085","display_name":"Chunghwa Telecom (Taiwan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04f786589","country_code":"TW","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chiu-Mei Tseng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Company Limited, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telecommunication Laboratories, Chunghwa Telecom Co., Ltd., Taoyuan, 326, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92172085"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037348675"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148366613"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.265,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61084686,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rss","display_name":"RSS","score":0.8878647089004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7895412445068359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matching","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","score":0.6791843175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.6390213966369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/map-matching","display_name":"Map matching","score":0.5792570114135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.5561168789863586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.46729472279548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4435116946697235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.414247989654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.4105263948440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.40616369247436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3777468800544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3467116951942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3402235507965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2004549503326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.17556196451187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.13501909375190735}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2385561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45432","display_name":"RSS","level":2,"score":0.8878647089004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7895412445068359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6791843175888062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6390213966369629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778559875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1892023","display_name":"Map matching","level":3,"score":0.5792570114135742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5561168789863586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.46729472279548645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4435116946697235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.414247989654541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.4105263948440552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.40616369247436523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3777468800544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3467116951942444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3402235507965088},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2004549503326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.17556196451187134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.13501909375190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apnoms.2011.6077042","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 13th Asia-Pacific Network Operations and Management Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608826770","https://openalex.org/W1989651117","https://openalex.org/W2037476540","https://openalex.org/W2051376734","https://openalex.org/W2101528975","https://openalex.org/W2107198359","https://openalex.org/W2128587884","https://openalex.org/W2130137998","https://openalex.org/W2130859118","https://openalex.org/W2132872612","https://openalex.org/W2144723957","https://openalex.org/W2151223243","https://openalex.org/W2162785138","https://openalex.org/W2165621935","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W6676342542","https://openalex.org/W6682603030"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W426968574","https://openalex.org/W2365639220","https://openalex.org/W2382520895","https://openalex.org/W2393709043","https://openalex.org/W2080567403","https://openalex.org/W2539387137","https://openalex.org/W2374952201","https://openalex.org/W2189050590","https://openalex.org/W2981172040","https://openalex.org/W3183882481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Among":[0],"all":[1],"the":[2,6,13,20,37,46,56,66,75,87,91,116,156,168,171,200],"wireless":[3],"localization":[4,187],"techniques,":[5],"Wi-Fi":[7,76,88,104,172],"pattern-matching":[8,40,186],"scheme":[9],"is":[10,122,130],"one":[11],"of":[12,50,60,158],"most":[14,83],"widely":[15],"used":[16],"approaches,":[17],"which":[18,73,188],"estimates":[19],"user's":[21,201],"location":[22,202],"by":[23],"comparing":[24],"his/her":[25],"device's":[26],"received":[27],"signal":[28],"strength":[29],"(RSS)":[30],"against":[31],"a":[32,97,108,133,142,147,151,163,182,194],"pre-trained":[33],"radio":[34,98,135,173,195],"map":[35,99,136,196],"on":[36,65,155],"fly.":[38],"The":[39],"solutions":[41,63],"have":[42,69],"an":[43,119],"inherent":[44],"drawback:":[45],"expensive":[47],"calibration":[48,57],"operation":[49,58],"war-driving.":[51],"In":[52,125],"order":[53],"to":[54,112,131,139,166,191],"reduce":[55],"cost":[59],"war-driving,":[61],"many":[62],"based":[64],"community":[67,159],"approach":[68],"been":[70],"proposed":[71],"[1]-[3],":[72],"collect":[74,113],"training":[77,93],"data":[78,117],"from":[79,102,137],"users'":[80],"contributions.":[81],"However,":[82],"works":[84],"only":[85],"consider":[86],"patterns.":[89],"For":[90],"heterogeneous":[92,134],"data,":[94],"such":[95,145],"as":[96,146],"combined":[100],"signals":[101],"both":[103],"and":[105,114,170,197],"cellular":[106,169],"networks,":[107],"method":[109,165],"shows":[110,189],"how":[111,190],"exploit":[115],"through":[118],"ongoing":[120],"way":[121],"still":[123],"missing.":[124],"this":[126],"paper,":[127],"our":[128,178],"objective":[129],"grow":[132],"barren":[138],"beautiful":[140],"over":[141],"large":[143],"area,":[144],"regional":[148],"area":[149],"or":[150],"national":[152],"area.":[153],"Based":[154],"concept":[157],"approach,":[160],"we":[161],"propose":[162],"geography-based":[164],"combine":[167],"maps.":[174],"We":[175],"believe":[176],"that":[177],"framework":[179],"can":[180],"provide":[181],"valuable":[183],"solution":[184],"for":[185],"effectively":[192],"build":[193],"quickly":[198],"estimate":[199],"with":[203],"acceptable":[204],"distance":[205],"errors.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}