{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7130553397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321","title":"ChargeFloat-TQ: A Charge-Domain-Based Tracking-Quantized Floating-Point Computing-in-Memory Accelerator Macro","display_name":"ChargeFloat-TQ: A Charge-Domain-Based Tracking-Quantized Floating-Point Computing-in-Memory Accelerator Macro","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7130553397","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126392866","display_name":"Yu Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065859286","display_name":"Hui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9198-3951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011730243","display_name":"Ke Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002281317","display_name":"Xiulong Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiulong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126419722","display_name":"Chunyu Peng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunyu Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121103759","display_name":"Wenjuan Lu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjuan Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126380748","display_name":"Chenghu Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenghu Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101549984","display_name":"Xin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0125-5254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101503850","display_name":"Zhiting Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-1606"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143868143","display_name":"Anhui University","ror":"https://ror.org/05th6yx34","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiting Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Ciucuits, Anhui University,Hefei,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143868143"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.32600000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.32600000500679016,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.17239999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.15039999783039093,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponent","display_name":"Exponent","score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.6363000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.5418000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.5020999908447266}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780388253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421508","display_name":"Exponent","level":2,"score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.6363000273704529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.542900025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.5418000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5263000130653381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.5060999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.5020999908447266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4296000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.42820000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3873000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3668000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.35850000381469727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3547999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14580979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q876049","display_name":"Very-large-scale integration","level":2,"score":0.3407000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.3330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2922999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2651999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131017901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170451","display_name":"Logic gate","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2612000107765198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas67402.2025.11378321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.916452944278717}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2527492855","https://openalex.org/W2896300100","https://openalex.org/W2900639816","https://openalex.org/W2976137532","https://openalex.org/W2990591126","https://openalex.org/W3128966520","https://openalex.org/W3133754064","https://openalex.org/W3172967059","https://openalex.org/W3183406752","https://openalex.org/W4226238110","https://openalex.org/W4360605483","https://openalex.org/W4360605703","https://openalex.org/W4384947530","https://openalex.org/W4384947929","https://openalex.org/W4402592283","https://openalex.org/W4407214461"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Floating-point":[0],"(FP)":[1],"computation":[2],"is":[3],"critical":[4],"for":[5,39,50,81],"error-sensitive":[6],"AI":[7],"tasks":[8],"but":[9],"faces":[10],"efficiency":[11,135,149,160],"bottlenecks":[12],"in":[13,62,71,95,147,158],"computing-in-memory":[14,25],"(CIM).":[15],"In":[16],"this":[17],"study,":[18],"we":[19,75],"propose":[20],"a":[21,44,77,96,121,141],"charge-domain-based":[22],"tracking-quantized":[23],"floating-point":[24,72],"accelerator":[26],"macro":[27,111],"(ChargeFloat-TQ).":[28],"This":[29],"architecture":[30],"presents":[31],"an":[32,133,155],"8T":[33],"static":[34],"random-access":[35],"memory":[36],"(SRAM)":[37],"array":[38,80],"storing":[40,82],"exponent":[41,51,60,69],"weights":[42],"with":[43,132],"redundant-column-assisted":[45],"adaptive":[46],"tracking":[47],"quantization":[48],"circuit":[49],"processing.":[52],"Redundant":[53],"columns":[54],"generate":[55],"reference":[56],"voltages,":[57],"enabling":[58],"maximum":[59],"search":[61],"fewer":[63],"cycles,":[64],"enhancing":[65],"the":[66],"parallelism":[67],"of":[68,124,136],"processing":[70],"operations.":[73],"Additionally,":[74],"introduce":[76],"6T":[78],"SRAM":[79],"mantissa":[83,93,101],"weights,":[84],"featuring":[85],"embedded":[86],"multi-bit":[87],"multiplication":[88,94],"units":[89],"that":[90],"achieve":[91],"2bit":[92],"single":[97],"cycle":[98],"and":[99,154],"11-bit":[100],"multiply-accumulate":[102],"operations":[103],"within":[104],"six":[105],"cycles.":[106],"The":[107],"proposed":[108],"2.77":[109],"Kb":[110],"was":[112],"analyzed":[113],"using":[114],"<tex":[115,142],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[116,143],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$28-\\text{nm}$</tex>":[117],"CMOS":[118],"technology.":[119],"At":[120],"supply":[122],"voltage":[123],"0.7":[125],"V,":[126],"it":[127],"operates":[128],"at":[129],"17":[130],"MHz":[131],"energy":[134,148],"9.41":[137],"TFLOPS/W,":[138],"which":[139],"represents":[140],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">$4.7":[144],"x$</tex>":[145],"improvement":[146],"over":[150],"state-of-the":[151],"analog":[152],"solutions":[153],"8.8x":[156],"gain":[157],"area":[159],"compared":[161],"to":[162],"digital":[163],"solutions.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-02-20T00:00:00"}
