{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405846014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419","title":"Sub-Threshold Delay-Locked Loop with Piecewise Linearization and Time-Mode Proportional-Integral Locking","display_name":"Sub-Threshold Delay-Locked Loop with Piecewise Linearization and Time-Mode Proportional-Integral Locking","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405846014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015819673","display_name":"Wenhao Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-743X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Metropolitan University,Dept. of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Eng.,Toronto,ON,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Metropolitan University,Dept. of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Eng.,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100698597","display_name":"Fei Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7758-5455"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I530967","display_name":"Toronto Metropolitan University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g13zd79","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toronto Metropolitan University,Dept. of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Eng.,Toronto,ON,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toronto Metropolitan University,Dept. of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Eng.,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031541759","display_name":"Yushi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2019-1436"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72541430","display_name":"Lakehead University","ror":"https://ror.org/023p7mg82","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yushi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lakehead University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng.,Thunder Bay,ON,Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lakehead University,Dept. of Electrical and Computer Eng.,Thunder Bay,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72541430"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015819673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I530967"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3642,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8358,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"241","last_page":"245"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.678220808506012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearization","display_name":"Linearization","score":0.573359489440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise","display_name":"Piecewise","score":0.5463616251945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","score":0.5396912097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.35427597165107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3486425578594208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.34621506929397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-analysis","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","score":0.19583576917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.19048655033111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.09976425766944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.07034429907798767}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.678220808506012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11210021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520713","display_name":"Linearization","level":3,"score":0.573359489440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164660894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037833","display_name":"Piecewise","level":2,"score":0.5463616251945496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184670325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q512604","display_name":"Loop (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.5396912097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35427597165107727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3486425578594208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.34621506929397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.19583576917648315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.19048655033111572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.09976425766944885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.07034429907798767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas62602.2024.10808419","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00zgdb249"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2131792101","https://openalex.org/W2131862714","https://openalex.org/W2953825043","https://openalex.org/W2959661790","https://openalex.org/W3146315475","https://openalex.org/W4290714559","https://openalex.org/W4400229814","https://openalex.org/W4402702901","https://openalex.org/W4402753432","https://openalex.org/W6633675854"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W2142036596","https://openalex.org/W2072657027","https://openalex.org/W2962838298","https://openalex.org/W2600246793"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,17,22,26,30,34,37,44,58,84,96,101,136],"inability-to-lock":[4,13],"of":[5,21,25,33,43,98,100,122],"sub-threshold":[6],"charge-pump":[7],"delay-locked":[8],"loops":[9],"(CP-DLL).":[10],"We":[11,47],"show":[12,49],"is":[14,106,138],"rooted":[15],"to":[16,140,142],"CP-leakage":[18],"induced":[19],"drift":[20],"control":[23],"voltage":[24,41,121],"delay":[27,39,45,78,85,102],"line":[28,79,86],"in":[29,108],"idle":[31],"state":[32],"CP":[35,59],"and":[36,60,74,82,125,163],"exponential":[38],"$\\sim$":[40],"relation":[42],"line.":[46,103],"further":[48],"these":[50],"root":[51],"causes":[52],"can":[53],"be":[54],"eliminated":[55],"by":[56],"replacing":[57],"loop":[61],"filter":[62],"with":[63,117,129],"an":[64],"all-digital":[65],"time-mode":[66],"proportional-integral":[67],"realized":[68],"using":[69,87,127],"a":[70,75,88,109,118,143],"delay-line":[71],"time-to-digital":[72],"converter":[73,91],"bi-directional":[76],"gated":[77],"time":[80],"integrator":[81],"linearizing":[83],"capacitor":[89],"digital-to-analog":[90],"whose":[92],"transfer":[93],"characteristics":[94],"are":[95],"opposite":[97],"those":[99],"The":[104],"DLL":[105,137],"designed":[107],"TSMC":[110],"130":[111],"nm":[112],"1.2":[113],"V":[114,124],"CMOS":[115],"technology":[116],"reduced":[119],"supply":[120],"0.6":[123,146],"analyzed":[126],"Spectre":[128],"BSIM3":[130],"device":[131],"models.":[132],"Simulation":[133],"results":[134],"demonstrate":[135],"able":[139],"lock":[141],"$0":[144],"\\sim":[145],"\\mathrm{~V}":[147],"100":[148],"\\mathrm{kHz}":[149],"{5":[150],"0":[151],"\\%}$":[152],"duty-cycle":[153],"square-wave":[154],"timing":[155],"reference":[156],"at":[157],"$\\mathrm{FF}":[158],"/-20^{\\circ}":[159],"\\mathrm{C}$,":[160],"TT/27":[161],"\u00b0C,":[162],"$\\mathrm{SS}":[164],"/":[165],"60^{\\circ}":[166],"\\mathrm{C}$.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
