{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4364859988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282","title":"FPGA Implementation of N-BEATS for Time Series Forecasting Using Block Minifloat Arithmetic","display_name":"FPGA Implementation of N-BEATS for Time Series Forecasting Using Block Minifloat Arithmetic","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4364859988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102780333","display_name":"Wenjie Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1678-3167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjie Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008223884","display_name":"Haoyan Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyan Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040792997","display_name":"David Boland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5370-4464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Boland","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107994859","display_name":"Philip H. W. Leong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3923-3499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip H.W. Leong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney,Computer Engineering Laboratory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Laboratory, School of Electrical and Information Engineering The University of Sydney","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102780333"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63678723,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"546","last_page":"550"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10320","display_name":"Neural Networks and Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7023949027061462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.607511043548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5815455913543701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field-programmable-gate-array","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","score":0.5706970691680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.520463228225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.5186606645584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5065392255783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-point-arithmetic","display_name":"Fixed-point arithmetic","score":0.4987185001373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/univariate","display_name":"Univariate","score":0.4969783127307892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.48954305052757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.4783060848712921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4659135639667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integer","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","score":0.4596076011657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exponent","display_name":"Exponent","score":0.4430937170982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.33711040019989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.2468147575855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1800839602947235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.1253187656402588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7023949027061462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.607511043548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5815455913543701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42935608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190411","display_name":"Field-programmable gate array","level":2,"score":0.5706970691680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.520463228225708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.5186606645584106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5065392255783081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163973906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q649900","display_name":"Fixed-point arithmetic","level":3,"score":0.4987185001373291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199163554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1681619","display_name":"Univariate","level":3,"score":0.4969783127307892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.48954305052757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.4783060848712921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4659135639667511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729138","display_name":"Integer (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4596076011657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780388253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421508","display_name":"Exponent","level":2,"score":0.4430937170982361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.33711040019989014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.2468147575855255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1800839602947235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.1253187656402588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas55924.2022.10090282","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1588000771","https://openalex.org/W2207050309","https://openalex.org/W2276486856","https://openalex.org/W2402144811","https://openalex.org/W2585720638","https://openalex.org/W2616014673","https://openalex.org/W2953235111","https://openalex.org/W2963122961","https://openalex.org/W2996351509","https://openalex.org/W3098863686","https://openalex.org/W6685405536","https://openalex.org/W6753770798","https://openalex.org/W6763309814","https://openalex.org/W6790866647"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206224488","https://openalex.org/W1935080020","https://openalex.org/W2062935593","https://openalex.org/W2288960809","https://openalex.org/W965527374","https://openalex.org/W2111431984","https://openalex.org/W2059483066","https://openalex.org/W4249587008","https://openalex.org/W4230766544","https://openalex.org/W1969845814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"block":[1],"minifloat":[2],"(BM)":[3],"number":[4],"format":[5,11,33],"uses":[6],"an":[7],"8-bit":[8,94,102],"floating":[9,111],"point":[10],"with":[12,21,105],"additional":[13],"shared":[14],"exponent":[15],"bias":[16],"to":[17,50,55,86,109],"enable":[18],"low-precision":[19,36],"representation":[20],"large":[22],"dynamic":[23],"range.":[24],"While":[25],"it":[26],"has":[27,58],"been":[28,60],"shown":[29],"that":[30,93],"the":[31],"BM":[32,65,95],"can":[34],"support":[35],"training":[37],"of":[38,67],"convolutional":[39],"neural":[40,71],"networks":[41],"such":[42],"as":[43,101],"ResNet":[44],"on":[45],"ImageNet":[46],"at":[47],"precisions":[48],"down":[49],"6":[51],"bits,":[52],"its":[53],"applicability":[54],"inference-only":[56],"applications":[57],"not":[59],"studied.":[61],"We":[62],"present":[63],"a":[64,69],"implementation":[66],"N-BEATS,":[68],"deep":[70],"architecture":[72],"for":[73],"univariate":[74],"time":[75],"series":[76],"forecasting.":[77],"N-BEATS":[78],"utilises":[79],"residual":[80],"and":[81,99],"fully":[82],"connected":[83],"(FC)":[84],"blocks":[85],"achieve":[87],"high":[88],"accuracy.":[89],"It":[90],"was":[91],"found":[92],"had":[96],"similar":[97,108],"area":[98],"speed":[100],"integer":[103],"arithmetic":[104],"NBEATS":[106],"accuracy":[107],"16-bit":[110],"point.":[112]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}