{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117297074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","title":"LBFP: Logarithmic Block Floating Point Arithmetic for Deep Neural Networks","display_name":"LBFP: Logarithmic Block Floating Point Arithmetic for Deep Neural Networks","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117297074","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","mag":"3117297074"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029039080","display_name":"Chao Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5139-4607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chao Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059107361","display_name":"Jinming Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7134-6514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinming Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019940239","display_name":"Jun Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2760-4333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696999","display_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7227-4786"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongfeng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4371,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70907456,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"201","last_page":"204"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11206","display_name":"Model Reduction and Neural Networks","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/floating-point","display_name":"Floating point","score":0.7593176364898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7114025354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6129361391067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.606728732585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5746815204620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5261354446411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplier","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","score":0.5091952681541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.45913249254226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4507959187030792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.444672167301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplication","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","score":0.42864441871643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.34942370653152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3207334280014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2747063934803009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1843125820159912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84211073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117879","display_name":"Floating point","level":2,"score":0.7593176364898682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7114025354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6129361391067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.606728732585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5746815204620361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5261354446411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124584101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053266","display_name":"Multiplier (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5091952681541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.45913249254226685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4507959187030792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.444672167301178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780595030","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3860309","display_name":"Multiplication (music)","level":2,"score":0.42864441871643066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.34942370653152466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3207334280014038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2747063934803009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1843125820159912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139719470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39680","display_name":"Macroeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas50809.2020.9301687","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2809624076","https://openalex.org/W2899063892","https://openalex.org/W2946355854","https://openalex.org/W2963122961","https://openalex.org/W2963679555","https://openalex.org/W3003537648","https://openalex.org/W6753069482","https://openalex.org/W6756007670"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3093936885","https://openalex.org/W2994146737","https://openalex.org/W295308437","https://openalex.org/W2992046671","https://openalex.org/W90649232","https://openalex.org/W3009327594","https://openalex.org/W4296617584","https://openalex.org/W4232263740","https://openalex.org/W1982528625","https://openalex.org/W2803935332"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fixed-point":[0],"quantization":[1],"techniques":[2],"have":[3],"attracted":[4],"considerable":[5],"attention":[6],"in":[7,190],"deep":[8],"neural":[9],"network":[10],"(DNN)":[11],"inference":[12,158,193],"acceleration.":[13,194],"Nevertheless,":[14],"they":[15],"often":[16],"require":[17],"time-consuming":[18],"fine-tuning":[19],"or":[20],"retraining":[21],"to":[22,73,77,87,113,155,178],"keep":[23],"the":[24,50,89,99,115,140,152,157,164,167,172,181,187],"accuracy":[25,159,165],"of":[26,38,117,160,166,180],"a":[27,146],"quantized":[28],"model.":[29],"Besides,":[30],"DNNs":[31],"involve":[32],"massive":[33],"multiplication":[34,75],"operations,":[35],"which":[36],"are":[37],"much":[39],"higher":[40],"computational":[41],"complexities":[42],"compared":[43,138],"with":[44,49,102,139,151,171],"addition":[45,78],"operations.":[46,81],"To":[47],"deal":[48],"two":[51],"problems,":[52],"we":[53],"propose":[54],"an":[55,107],"improved":[56],"numerical":[57],"format":[58],"named":[59],"logarithmic":[60,69],"block":[61],"floating":[62],"point":[63],"(LBFP)":[64],"for":[65],"post-training":[66],"quantization.":[67],"Firstly,":[68],"arithmetic":[70],"is":[71,85,111,149,176],"employed":[72],"convert":[74],"operations":[76],"and":[79,131,135],"shift":[80],"Then,":[82],"Kullback-Leibler":[83],"divergence":[84],"used":[86],"determine":[88],"shared":[90],"exponent":[91],"before":[92],"inference.":[93],"Thus,":[94],"LBFP":[95,126,174],"can":[96,128],"significantly":[97],"reduce":[98,129],"hard-ware":[100],"complexity":[101],"negligible":[103],"performance":[104],"loss.":[105],"Moreover,":[106],"efficient":[108,191],"hardware":[109],"architecture":[110],"designed":[112],"support":[114],"computation":[116],"LBFP.":[118,161],"Hardware":[119],"synthesis":[120],"results":[121],"show":[122],"that":[123,179],"our":[124],"8-bit":[125,141,173],"multiplier":[127],"power":[130],"area":[132],"by":[133],"53%":[134],"45%,":[136],"respectively,":[137],"traditional":[142],"fixed-point":[143],"multiplier.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"software":[147],"library":[148],"developed":[150],"CUDA-C":[153],"language":[154],"evaluate":[156],"Without":[162],"retraining,":[163],"selected":[168],"DNN":[169,192],"models":[170],"representation":[175],"comparable":[177],"corresponding":[182],"32-bit":[183],"floating-point":[184],"baselines,":[185],"showing":[186],"great":[188],"potential":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}