{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2577158237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","title":"An ultra-low power CMOS subthreshold voltage reference without requiring resistors or BJTs","display_name":"An ultra-low power CMOS subthreshold voltage reference without requiring resistors or BJTs","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2577158237","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","mag":"2577158237"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100356119","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2252-3665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029241233","display_name":"Chenchang Zhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4878-4655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenchang Zhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100640128","display_name":"Lidan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0730-4202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3045169105","display_name":"Southern University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049tv2d57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205237279","display_name":"Nankai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y1kjr75","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lidan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205237279"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100356119"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3045169105"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1709,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59333257,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"688","last_page":"690"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nmos-logic","display_name":"NMOS logic","score":0.8827354311943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subthreshold-conduction","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","score":0.8338130712509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.7073885202407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.7071332335472107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-voltage","display_name":"Low voltage","score":0.6305707097053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-reference","display_name":"Voltage reference","score":0.6282706260681152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.624052107334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5351828932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5350640416145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-semiconductor-device","display_name":"Power semiconductor device","score":0.48281392455101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overdrive-voltage","display_name":"Overdrive voltage","score":0.4636123776435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/threshold-voltage","display_name":"Threshold voltage","score":0.460299551486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dropout-voltage","display_name":"Dropout voltage","score":0.44889265298843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.41378363966941833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.36542952060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3514780104160309}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197162436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83908","display_name":"NMOS logic","level":4,"score":0.8827354311943054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156465305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1658601","display_name":"Subthreshold conduction","level":4,"score":0.8338130712509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.7073885202407837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.7071332335472107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128624480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1504817","display_name":"Low voltage","level":3,"score":0.6305707097053528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44351266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1465532","display_name":"Voltage reference","level":3,"score":0.6282706260681152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.624052107334137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5351828932762146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5350640416145325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129014197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906544","display_name":"Power semiconductor device","level":3,"score":0.48281392455101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195905723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113634","display_name":"Overdrive voltage","level":5,"score":0.4636123776435852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195370968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754002","display_name":"Threshold voltage","level":4,"score":0.460299551486969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15032970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Dropout voltage","level":4,"score":0.44889265298843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.41378363966941833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.36542952060699463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3514780104160309}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2016.7804066","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems (APCCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992889283","https://openalex.org/W2016590650","https://openalex.org/W2024963751","https://openalex.org/W2047344047","https://openalex.org/W2063095952","https://openalex.org/W2146324717"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1793154485","https://openalex.org/W2918058197","https://openalex.org/W2087168948","https://openalex.org/W3157076093","https://openalex.org/W3113655337","https://openalex.org/W3196410233","https://openalex.org/W3106621756","https://openalex.org/W2367229640","https://openalex.org/W2082483079","https://openalex.org/W2055167838"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,34,88],"novel":[4],"ultra-low":[5],"power":[6,117],"voltage":[7,12,25,53,103],"reference":[8,21,102],"operational":[9],"from":[10,106],"supply":[11,112],"down":[13],"to":[14,38],"less":[15],"than":[16],"0.9V.":[17],"In":[18],"the":[19,23,30,51,58,115],"proposed":[20,83],"circuit,":[22],"PTAT":[24],"is":[26,54,85,96,119],"generated":[27],"by":[28,56],"feeding":[29],"leakage":[31],"current":[32],"of":[33,44,60,98],"zero-Vgs":[35],"NMOS":[36,41,62],"transistor":[37],"two":[39],"diode-connected":[40],"transistors,":[42],"both":[43],"which":[45],"are":[46],"in":[47,87],"subthreshold":[48],"region;":[49],"while":[50],"CTAT":[52],"created":[55],"using":[57],"body-diodes":[59],"another":[61],"transistor.":[63],"Consequently,":[64],"low-voltage,":[65],"low-power":[66],"operation":[67],"can":[68],"be":[69],"achieved":[70],"without":[71],"requiring":[72],"resistors":[73],"or":[74],"BJTs,":[75],"hence":[76],"with":[77,104,109],"small":[78],"chip":[79],"area":[80],"consumption.":[81],"The":[82],"circuit":[84],"designed":[86],"0.18-\u03bcm":[89],"process.":[90],"Simulation":[91],"results":[92],"show":[93],"that":[94],"it":[95],"capable":[97],"providing":[99],"an":[100],"808mV":[101],"10ppm/\u00b0C":[105],"-30\u00b0C-125\u00b0C":[107],"even":[108],"only":[110,120],"900mV":[111],"voltage.":[113],"Moreover,":[114],"typical":[116],"consumption":[118],"10nW.":[121]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
