{"id":"https://openalex.org/W624316389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","title":"On-line writer recognition for Thai numeral","display_name":"On-line writer recognition for Thai numeral","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W624316389","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","mag":"624316389"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306417752","display_name":"Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091036918","display_name":"Pitak Thumwarin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Thumwarin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"P. Tangtisanon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91538806","display_name":"King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang","ror":"https://ror.org/055mf0v62","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Tangtisanon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thaland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thaland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91538806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"S. Murata","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Murata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"T. Matsuura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1314466530","display_name":"Tokai University","ror":"https://ror.org/01p7qe739","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Matsuura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications Engineering, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091036918"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1314466530"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7539267,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"1","issue":"10","first_page":"503","last_page":"508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9733999967575073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.972000002861023,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.9175999760627747,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/numeral-system","display_name":"Numeral system","score":0.8933188915252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line","display_name":"Line (geometry)","score":0.577013373374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.504768967628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.43714454770088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.345824658870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.3397217392921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.335533082485199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.32257723808288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15488749742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.0825154185295105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204160518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122653","display_name":"Numeral system","level":2,"score":0.8933188915252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.577013373374939},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.504768967628479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43714454770088196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.345824658870697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3397217392921448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.335533082485199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.32257723808288574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15488749742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0825154185295105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/apccas.2002.1115049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306417752","display_name":"Asia Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"mag:624316389","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/110003212516","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S166990724","display_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences","issn_l":"0916-8508","issn":["0916-8508","1745-1337"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800604","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800604"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":"IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics Communications and Computer Sciences","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2004765760","https://openalex.org/W2060755870","https://openalex.org/W2142069714","https://openalex.org/W6636468958"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W431121185","https://openalex.org/W2830547632","https://openalex.org/W2853875251","https://openalex.org/W1583612594"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"an":[3,29],"on-line":[4],"writer":[5],"recognition":[6],"for":[7],"Thai":[8,16],"numerals.":[9],"First,":[10],"a":[11,15,51],"center":[12,24],"point":[13,25],"of":[14,50,62,71,84,96,103,126,135,144,168,181],"numeral":[17],"is":[18,26,45,66,129,139,173],"determined":[19,53],"after":[20],"normalization.":[21],"Then":[22,93,131],"the":[23,32,35,38,42,48,55,58,63,69,75,81,85,94,111,115,119,127,132,136,142,152,169,176,178],"shifted":[27],"to":[28,37,109,150],"origin.":[30],"Secondly,":[31],"distance":[33,87],"from":[34,54],"origin":[36,56],"pen-point":[39,64,72,97],"position":[40,65],"in":[41,74,101,107,148],"handwriting":[43,112,145],"process":[44,76,113],"measured":[46],"and":[47,57,88,124,158,186,194],"area":[49,89],"triangle":[52],"two":[59],"adjacent":[60],"points":[61],"calculated.":[67],"Thirdly,":[68],"features":[70,95],"movement":[73,98],"are":[77,99],"extracted":[78],"by":[79],"expanding":[80],"time":[82],"sequence":[83],"above":[86,120],"into":[90],"Fourier":[91,104],"series.":[92],"represented":[100],"terms":[102],"coefficients.":[105],"Fourthly,":[106],"order":[108,149],"describe":[110],"features,":[114],"FIR":[116,137],"system":[117,128,138],"with":[118],"coefficients":[121],"as":[122,141],"input":[123],"output":[125],"introduced.":[130],"impulse":[133,171],"response":[134,172],"used":[140],"feature":[143],"process.":[146],"Furthermore":[147],"recognize":[151],"writer,":[153],"K-L":[154],"expansion":[155],"(J.T.":[156],"Tou":[157],"R.C.":[159],"Gonzalez":[160],"\"Pattern":[161],"Recognition":[162],"Principles\",":[163],"Addison-Wesley,":[164],"pp.":[165],"269,":[166],"1974)":[167],"obtained":[170],"used.":[174],"In":[175],"experiments,":[177],"average":[179],"rates":[180],"type":[182,187],"I":[183],"(false":[184,189],"rejection)":[185],"II":[188],"acceptance)":[190],"error":[191],"were":[192],"17.14%":[193],"9.26%,":[195],"respectively.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}