{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3036460510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","title":"CoDRL: Intelligent Packet Routing in SDN Using Convolutional Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"CoDRL: Intelligent Packet Routing in SDN Using Convolutional Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3036460510","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","mag":"3036460510"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085273305","display_name":"Pravati Swain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6794-0919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109276","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Goa","ror":"https://ror.org/01vmfpj79","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109276"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pravati Swain","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIT Goa,Dept. of CSE,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIT Goa,Dept. of CSE,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024230005","display_name":"Uttam Kamalia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uttam Kamalia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clarivate Analytics,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clarivate Analytics,India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010842590","display_name":"Raj Bhandarkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raj Bhandarkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bleacon Innovations Pvt. Ltd.,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bleacon Innovations Pvt. Ltd.,India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068774698","display_name":"Tejas M. Modi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3326-4734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109276","display_name":"National Institute of Technology Goa","ror":"https://ror.org/01vmfpj79","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109276"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tejas Modi","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIT Goa,Dept. of CSE,India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIT Goa,Dept. of CSE,India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109276"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085273305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109276"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5573,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72789547,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8312402963638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.7377580404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5914490222930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.570753812789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-routing","display_name":"Static routing","score":0.5369111895561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.5082938075065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-based-routing","display_name":"Policy-based routing","score":0.4912077784538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.4868692457675934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-source-routing","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","score":0.480032354593277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","score":0.45788633823394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-routing","display_name":"Multipath routing","score":0.43382126092910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-domain","display_name":"Routing domain","score":0.416547954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.3024432063102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2726183533668518}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8312402963638306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.7377580404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5914490222930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.570753812789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204948658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1119410","display_name":"Static routing","level":4,"score":0.5369111895561218},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.5082938075065613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196423136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7209671","display_name":"Policy-based routing","level":5,"score":0.4912077784538269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.4868692457675934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9659607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1268903","display_name":"Dynamic Source Routing","level":4,"score":0.480032354593277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89305328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1755411","display_name":"Link-state routing protocol","level":4,"score":0.45788633823394775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76522221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035396","display_name":"Multipath routing","level":5,"score":0.43382126092910767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94600068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7371621","display_name":"Routing domain","level":5,"score":0.416547954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.3024432063102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2726183533668518}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ants47819.2019.9118112","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and Telecommunications Systems (ANTS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515851193","https://openalex.org/W1757796397","https://openalex.org/W2067453331","https://openalex.org/W2145091572","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2156666755","https://openalex.org/W2165150801","https://openalex.org/W2173248099","https://openalex.org/W2215831273","https://openalex.org/W2512877821","https://openalex.org/W2566425973","https://openalex.org/W2617931713","https://openalex.org/W2623415691","https://openalex.org/W2731762594","https://openalex.org/W2783684775","https://openalex.org/W2805091420","https://openalex.org/W2898231005","https://openalex.org/W2963864421","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W4302570325","https://openalex.org/W6682459407","https://openalex.org/W6684205842"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2607223747","https://openalex.org/W2082566976","https://openalex.org/W2613682624","https://openalex.org/W2748154437","https://openalex.org/W2369989480","https://openalex.org/W2944616377","https://openalex.org/W2166368933","https://openalex.org/W1585786976","https://openalex.org/W2096480024","https://openalex.org/W2619478018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Software":[0],"Defined":[1],"Networking":[2],"(SDN)":[3],"provides":[4,120],"opportunities":[5],"for":[6,69],"flexible":[7],"and":[8,29,80,119,130],"dynamic":[9,108],"traffic":[10],"engineering.":[11],"However,":[12],"in":[13,26,42,50,72],"current":[14],"SDN":[15,73,117],"systems,":[16],"routing":[17,48,70,110,122,146],"strategies":[18],"are":[19],"based":[20,63],"on":[21,64],"traditional":[22],"mechanisms":[23],"which":[24,61],"lack":[25],"real-time":[27],"modification":[28],"less":[30],"efficient":[31],"resource":[32],"utilization.":[33],"To":[34],"overcome":[35],"these":[36],"limitations,":[37],"deep":[38,65,94,139],"learning":[39,67],"is":[40,62],"used":[41],"this":[43],"paper":[44,53],"to":[45,74,104,126],"improve":[46],"the":[47,76,107,116,121,132,137,150],"computation":[49],"SDN.":[51],"This":[52],"proposes":[54],"Convolutional":[55],"Deep":[56,89],"Reinforcement":[57],"Learning":[58],"(CoDRL)":[59],"model":[60,86,102],"reinforcement":[66],"agent":[68,95,140],"optimization":[71],"minimize":[75,131],"mean":[77,133],"network":[78,112,128,134,151],"delay":[79],"packet":[81,109],"loss":[82],"rate.":[83],"The":[84,100],"CoDRL":[85],"consists":[87],"of":[88],"Deterministic":[90],"Policy":[91],"Gradients":[92],"(DDPG)":[93],"coupled":[96],"with":[97],"Convolution":[98],"layer.":[99],"proposed":[101,138],"tends":[103],"automatically":[105],"adapts":[106],"using":[111],"data":[113],"obtained":[114],"through":[115],"controller,":[118],"configuration":[123],"that":[124,148],"attempts":[125],"reduce":[127],"congestion":[129],"delay.":[135],"Hence,":[136],"exhibits":[141],"good":[142],"convergence":[143],"towards":[144],"providing":[145],"configurations":[147],"improves":[149],"performance.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}