{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7140847650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020","title":"Supplementing Patient Encounter Training for Preservice Nurses: Towards an AI\u00d7VR Approach","display_name":"Supplementing Patient Encounter Training for Preservice Nurses: Towards an AI\u00d7VR Approach","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7140847650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and eXtended and Virtual Reality (AIxVR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011253240","display_name":"Yupei Duan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yupei Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130648713","display_name":"Xinhao Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinhao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130680186","display_name":"Hao He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93131583","display_name":"Emporia State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04e6r1478","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93131583"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Library &#x0026; Information Management, Emporia State University,Emporia,KS,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Library &#x0026; Information Management, Emporia State University,Emporia,KS,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93131583"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003557670","display_name":"Yuanyuan Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5071-6265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021065685","display_name":"Shangman Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-9403"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76835614","display_name":"University of Missouri","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymw8z06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangman Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science &#x0026; Learning Technologies, University of Missouri,Columbia,MO,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76835614"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091922622","display_name":"Jhon Alexander Bueno-Vesga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7903-5921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jhon Bueno-Vesga","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University,PA,United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Sciences and Technology, The Pennsylvania State University,PA,United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27462888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"98","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.2775999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.2775999903678894,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11238","display_name":"Simulation-Based Education in Healthcare","score":0.1264999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.05169999971985817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","score":0.5996999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.22290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attendance","display_name":"Attendance","score":0.22280000150203705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777211547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141490","display_name":"Training (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.5996999740600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.531000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.35019999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24950000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.24860000610351562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.22290000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778173179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25339289","display_name":"Attendance","level":2,"score":0.22280000150203705}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aixvr67263.2026.00020","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2026 IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and eXtended and Virtual Reality (AIxVR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W219302765","https://openalex.org/W1243925018","https://openalex.org/W1505802906","https://openalex.org/W1802304736","https://openalex.org/W1963648925","https://openalex.org/W1979732648","https://openalex.org/W1988455886","https://openalex.org/W1996167520","https://openalex.org/W2012645943","https://openalex.org/W2013720069","https://openalex.org/W2032191478","https://openalex.org/W2033131890","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2071795992","https://openalex.org/W2079476777","https://openalex.org/W2083606661","https://openalex.org/W2115173015","https://openalex.org/W2126309695","https://openalex.org/W2131096653","https://openalex.org/W2137247190","https://openalex.org/W2163580545","https://openalex.org/W2165041900","https://openalex.org/W2165495521","https://openalex.org/W2166255748","https://openalex.org/W2315586602","https://openalex.org/W2560203405","https://openalex.org/W2756038645","https://openalex.org/W2892867380","https://openalex.org/W2903472678","https://openalex.org/W2911420183","https://openalex.org/W2956101614","https://openalex.org/W2964672262","https://openalex.org/W2973334504","https://openalex.org/W2973629606","https://openalex.org/W2981863007","https://openalex.org/W2990592102","https://openalex.org/W2995065029","https://openalex.org/W3024419713","https://openalex.org/W3047193793","https://openalex.org/W3160853138","https://openalex.org/W3174502226","https://openalex.org/W3179149357","https://openalex.org/W3188435550","https://openalex.org/W3196928349","https://openalex.org/W4212850057","https://openalex.org/W4232488826","https://openalex.org/W4283578429","https://openalex.org/W4285135112","https://openalex.org/W4308548596","https://openalex.org/W4366596351","https://openalex.org/W4386251129","https://openalex.org/W4387134077","https://openalex.org/W4389359039","https://openalex.org/W4392246232","https://openalex.org/W4392248134","https://openalex.org/W4392774538","https://openalex.org/W4400413797","https://openalex.org/W4410615965","https://openalex.org/W4412740721"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,19,93],"built":[1],"an":[2],"immersive":[3],"virtual":[4,15],"reality":[5],"environment":[6],"where":[7],"preservice":[8],"nurses":[9],"practice":[10],"with":[11],"generative":[12],"artificial":[13],"intelligence-driven":[14],"standardized":[16],"patients":[17],"(AI-VSPs).":[18],"ran":[20],"mixed-methods":[21],"study":[22],"(experimental$n=23$;":[23],"control$n=34$).":[24],"Usability":[25],"score":[26],"was$81.6":[27],"/":[28],"100$,":[29],"indicating":[30],"excellent":[31],"usability.":[32],"A":[33],"single":[34],"session":[35],"increased":[36],"self-efficacy":[37],"from":[38,56],"3.74":[39],"to$4.11(t(22)=3.82,":[40],"p&lt;0.001$).":[41],"In":[42],"the":[43],"standardized-patient":[44],"(SP)":[45],"encounter":[46,60,91],"performance":[47,61],"assessment,":[48],"scores":[49],"for":[50],"AI-VSP":[51,59],"users":[52],"did":[53,62],"not":[54,63],"differ":[55],"controls$(t(55)=-0.134,":[57],"p=0.894)$.":[58],"relate":[64],"to":[65,89],"engagement,":[66],"presence,":[67],"or":[68],"immersion,":[69],"although":[70],"these":[71],"experience":[72],"measures":[73],"were":[74],"strongly":[75],"intercorrelated.":[76],"Interviews":[77],"highlighted":[78],"helps":[79],"and":[80,108,110],"hindrances.":[81],"Overall,":[82],"AI-VSPs":[83],"are":[84],"a":[85],"usable,":[86],"confidence-building":[87],"supplement":[88],"SP":[90],"preparation.":[92],"also":[94],"outline":[95],"practical":[96],"design":[97],"steps:":[98],"cap":[99],"reply":[100],"length,":[101],"enable":[102],"reliable":[103],"barge-in,":[104],"improve":[105],"speech":[106],"quality":[107],"latency,":[109],"keep":[111],"scaffolding":[112],"minimal.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-03-27T00:00:00"}
