{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3081154135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","title":"Detection and Removal of Salt and Pepper Noise by Gaussian Membership Function and Guided Filter","display_name":"Detection and Removal of Salt and Pepper Noise by Gaussian Membership Function and Guided Filter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3081154135","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","mag":"3081154135"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100325461","display_name":"Ashish Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3466-8845"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032560582","display_name":"Teena Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6709-1435"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teena Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014147535","display_name":"Nishchal K. Verma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-5616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nishchal K. Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050410429","display_name":"Pradip Sircar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5794-0376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94234084","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur","ror":"https://ror.org/05pjsgx75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pradip Sircar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Kanpur,India,208016","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94234084"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069050515","display_name":"Shantaram Vasikarla","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157638225","display_name":"California State University, Northridge","ror":"https://ror.org/005f5hv41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157638225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shantaram Vasikarla","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University,Dept. of Computer Science,Northridge,CA","Dept. of Computer Science, California State University, Northridge, CA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University,Dept. of Computer Science,Northridge,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157638225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, California State University, Northridge, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157638225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.183,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55399369,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9955999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salt-and-pepper-noise","display_name":"Salt-and-pepper noise","score":0.7911797761917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.7032710909843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6762633919715881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-noise","display_name":"Gaussian noise","score":0.6502737998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6226733326911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-local-means","display_name":"Non-local means","score":0.5740095973014832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-filter","display_name":"Gaussian filter","score":0.5724461674690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.556525707244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.551644504070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-frame-subtraction","display_name":"Dark-frame subtraction","score":0.5501705408096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bilateral-filter","display_name":"Bilateral filter","score":0.5183942914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/median-filter","display_name":"Median filter","score":0.5171160697937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.49009573459625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.4707515835762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian-blur","display_name":"Gaussian blur","score":0.46730637550354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image","display_name":"Digital image","score":0.4364514946937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4316883087158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.39168789982795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"Image restoration","score":0.28633546829223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.24537432193756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.23796620965003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10573577880859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-denoising","display_name":"Image denoising","score":0.07552996277809143}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113660513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849379","display_name":"Salt-and-pepper noise","level":5,"score":0.7911797761917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.7032710909843445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6762633919715881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4199805","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725903","display_name":"Gaussian noise","level":2,"score":0.6502737998962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6226733326911926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101453961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7048948","display_name":"Non-local means","level":4,"score":0.5740095973014832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65892221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1113935","display_name":"Gaussian filter","level":3,"score":0.5724461674690247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.556525707244873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.551644504070282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1160358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861103","display_name":"Dark-frame subtraction","level":5,"score":0.5501705408096313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156140930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860417","display_name":"Bilateral filter","level":3,"score":0.5183942914009094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55352655","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304247","display_name":"Median filter","level":4,"score":0.5171160697937012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.49009573459625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4707515835762024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1894545","display_name":"Gaussian blur","level":5,"score":0.46730637550354004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.4364514946937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4316883087158203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.39168789982795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106430172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002272","display_name":"Image restoration","level":4,"score":0.28633546829223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.24537432193756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.23796620965003967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10573577880859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983327147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Image denoising","level":3,"score":0.07552996277809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/aipr47015.2019.9174579","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1496031899","https://openalex.org/W1580963329","https://openalex.org/W1586613808","https://openalex.org/W1970236216","https://openalex.org/W1992824804","https://openalex.org/W2007406620","https://openalex.org/W2012313698","https://openalex.org/W2044865345","https://openalex.org/W2071327126","https://openalex.org/W2090753144","https://openalex.org/W2098615715","https://openalex.org/W2099244020","https://openalex.org/W2107474456","https://openalex.org/W2109764687","https://openalex.org/W2122374500","https://openalex.org/W2125188192","https://openalex.org/W2126930230","https://openalex.org/W2127078478","https://openalex.org/W2134491294","https://openalex.org/W2142781271","https://openalex.org/W2148358298","https://openalex.org/W2151003347","https://openalex.org/W2154680362","https://openalex.org/W2157041604","https://openalex.org/W2160451035","https://openalex.org/W2171743875","https://openalex.org/W2538620473","https://openalex.org/W2787580321","https://openalex.org/W2880905934","https://openalex.org/W4245152641","https://openalex.org/W6635162148","https://openalex.org/W6682264929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2369676483","https://openalex.org/W4297891612","https://openalex.org/W3088540525","https://openalex.org/W2750444717","https://openalex.org/W2509009364","https://openalex.org/W2274012195","https://openalex.org/W3123505101","https://openalex.org/W2900075166","https://openalex.org/W3081154135","https://openalex.org/W2374439143"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,12,101,132,147,204,236],"performance":[1,27],"of":[2,9,28,35,69,78,92,134,177,191,228,263],"vision-based":[3],"algorithms":[4,37],"depends":[5],"on":[6,240],"the":[7,26,33,56,90,112,140,155,165,213,220,226,256],"quality":[8],"digital":[10,53,84],"images.":[11,54],"images":[13,242],"corrupt":[14,57,71,156,178,202],"with":[15,97,104,114,246],"salt":[16,47,159],"and":[17,23,48,66,80,95,111,153,160,171,193],"pepper":[18,49,161],"noise":[19,39,50,162,234,248,267],"during":[20],"image":[21,85,102,130,135,230],"acquisition":[22],"transmission":[24],"deteriorate":[25],"these":[29,70,200],"algorithms.":[30],"This":[31,41],"generates":[32],"necessity":[34],"enhancement":[36],"for":[38,46,127,198,217],"removal.":[40],"paper":[42],"presents":[43],"an":[44,229],"approach":[45,149,258],"removal":[51],"from":[52],"Firstly,":[55],"pixels":[58,72,157],"are":[59,108,118,125,182,238],"detected":[60,201],"using":[61,184],"a":[62,76,189],"Gaussian":[63,79,185,192,205],"membership":[64,186],"function":[65],"then":[67],"denoising":[68,136,199],"is":[73,137,196],"performed":[74,239],"by":[75,158],"combination":[77,190],"Guided":[81,194,221],"filter.":[82],"A":[83],"contains":[86],"visual":[87],"information":[88],"in":[89,144,168,244,261],"form":[91],"pixel":[93,106,142,215],"intensities":[94,107,143],"regions":[96,103,113,124,170],"abrupt":[98,115],"intensity":[99,116],"changes.":[100],"similar":[105],"called":[109,119],"homogeneous":[110,169],"changes":[117],"edges":[120,172],"or":[121],"textures.":[122],"These":[123],"responsible":[126],"carrying":[128],"important":[129],"details.":[131],"objective":[133],"to":[138,151,208,212,224,251,266],"retrieve":[139],"actual":[141],"such":[145,163],"regions.":[146],"proposed":[148,257],"aims":[150],"identify":[152],"denoise":[154],"that":[164,255],"details":[166],"present":[167],"remain":[173],"unchanged.":[174],"For":[175],"detection":[176],"pixels,":[179],"two":[180],"thresholds":[181],"estimated":[183],"function.":[187],"Then,":[188],"filter":[195,206,222],"used":[197,243],"pixels.":[203],"helps":[207,223],"assign":[209],"proper":[210],"weights":[211],"neighborhood":[214],"set":[216],"averaging.":[218],"However,":[219],"maintain":[225],"structure":[227],"at":[231],"very":[232],"high":[233],"level.":[235],"experiments":[237],"standard":[241],"literature":[245],"different":[247],"levels":[249],"up":[250],"99%.":[252],"It":[253],"shows":[254],"performs":[259],"efficiently":[260],"terms":[262],"peak":[264],"signal":[265],"ratio.":[268]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
